Change 1 Article Choose an article Title and introductory text 1 The Authority. 2 Membership of the Authority and the Assembly. 3 Time of ordinary elections. 4 Voting at ordinary elections. 5 Resignation. 6 Failure to attend meetings. 7 Declaration of vacancy in certain cases. 8 Election of member as Mayor. 9 Date of casual vacancies. 10 Filling a vacancy in an Assembly constituency. 11 Filling a vacancy among the London members. 12 Resignation. 13 Failure to attend meetings. 14 Declaration of vacancy in certain cases. 15 Date of casual vacancy. 16 Filling a vacancy. 17 Franchise, conduct of elections etc. 17A Free delivery of election addresses. 18 Cost of holding the first ordinary elections. 19 Expenditure of Secretary of State in connection with holding the first ordinary election. 20 Qualification to be the Mayor or an Assembly member. 21 Disqualification from being the Mayor or an Assembly member. 21A Disqualification relating to sexual offences etc 21B Disqualification from being the Mayor: members of legislatures 22 Validity of acts done by unqualified persons. 23 Proceedings for disqualification. 24 Salaries and expenses. 25 Limit on salaries of members of other public bodies. 26 Pensions. 26A Payments on ceasing to hold office 27 Publication of information about remuneration paid. 28 Declaration of acceptance of office. 29 Interpretation of Part I. 30 The general power of the Authority. 31 Limits of the general power. 32 Consultation. 33 Equality of opportunity. 34 Subsidiary powers of the Authority. 34A Restriction on exercise of certain powers except through a taxable body 35 Authority functions to be exercisable by Mayor, Assembly or both. 36 Standing orders of the Authority. 37 Discharge during vacancy or temporary incapacity of Mayor. 38 Delegation. 39 Exercise of functions by joint committees. 39A Delegation by Ministers 40 Contracting out. 40A Additional functions of the Authority, Mayor and functional bodies 40B Mayor’s power to convene meetings with local partners 40C Request to collaborate 40D Responding to a collaboration request 40E Collaboration requests made by or to several mayors 41 General duties of the Mayor in relation to his strategies. 42 Consultation. 42A Consultation: supplementary provision 42B Assembly's power to reject draft strategies 43 Publicity and availability of strategies. 44 Directions by the Secretary of State. 45 The Mayor’s periodic report to the Assembly. 46 Annual report by the Mayor. 47 The annual State of London debate. 48 People’s Question Time. 49 The Deputy Mayor. 50 Functions. 51 Appointment. 52 Meetings of the whole Assembly. 53 Assembly procedure. 54 Discharge of functions by committees or single members. 55 Assembly committees and sub-committees. 56 Minutes. 57 Political composition of Assembly committees. 58 Openness. 59 Review and investigation. 60 Proposals to the Mayor. 60A Confirmation hearings etc for certain appointments by the Mayor or Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime 61 Power to require attendance at Assembly meetings. 62 Procedure for requiring attendance. 63 Restriction of information. 64 Failure to attend proceedings etc. 65 Proceedings under section 61(1): openness. 65A Annual report by the Assembly 66 The Secretary of State’s guidance on ethical standards. 67 Appointment. 68 Disqualification and political restriction. 69 Disqualification for membership of London borough councils. 70 Terms and conditions of employment. 71 Disclosure by employees of interests in contracts. 72 Head of paid service. 73 Monitoring officer. 74 Investigation by Commission for Local Administration. 75 Provisions of 1972 Act relating to documents, notices etc. 76 Byelaws. 77 Power of Authority to promote or oppose Bills in Parliament. 78 Power to request provisions in Bills promoted by London local authorities. 79 Authority’s consent to inclusion of certain provisions in local Bills. 80 Public supply or works contracts. 81 Amounts for different categories of dwellings. 82 Authority to be a major precepting authority. 83 Issue of precepts. 84 Substituted precepts. 85 Calculation of component and consolidated council tax requirements. 86 Provisions supplemental to section 85. 87 Procedure for determining the council tax requirements. 88 Calculation of basic amount of tax. 89 Additional calculations: special item for part of Greater London. 90 The special item for the purposes of section 89. 91 Special items: amendments of section 46 of the 1992 Act. 92 Calculation of tax for different valuation bands. 93 Calculation of amount payable by each billing authority. 94 Substitute calculations under section 49 of the 1992 Act. 95 Minimum budget for Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime. 96 Provisions supplemental to section 95. 97 Emergencies and disasters. 98 Procedure for making substitute calculations. 99 Interpretation of Chapter I. 100 General GLA grant. 101 GLA transport grant. 102 Mayor to distribute grants etc between Authority and functional bodies. 103 Authority’s duty to account to functional bodies for their grants. 104 Emergency financial assistance. 105 Component budgets: anticipation of certain levies. 106 The Authority’s general fund. 107 Judicial review. 108 Functions to be discharged only by certain authorities. 109 Information. 110 Provision of information by functional bodies to Mayor or Assembly. 111 Part IV of 1989 Act to apply to Authority and functional bodies. 112 Provisions to be in place of sections 53 to 55 of 1989 Act. 113 Aggregate credit approval for Authority and functional bodies. 114 Additional credit approval. 115 Notification of category C or D allocations. 116 Amortisation. 117 Criteria for issuing credit approvals. 118 Part IV of 1989 Act and credit approvals under this Chapter. 119 Power to redistribute capital receipts of functional bodies. 120 Capital grants between Authority and functional bodies. 121 Revenue grants between Authority and functional bodies. 122 Form and contents. 123 Preparation. 124 Admissible factors in preparing capital spending plan etc. 125 Information. 126 Interpretation of Chapter IV. 127 Proper financial administration and chief finance officer. 127A Chief finance officer of the Authority 128 Application of Part VIII of Local Government Finance Act 1988. 129 Qualifications of chief finance officer. 130 Functions of chief finance officer as regards reports. 131 Duties of Authority or functional body as regards reports. 132 Monitoring officer not to be chief finance officer etc. 133 Application of the Audit Commission Act 1998. 134 Summary statement of accounts of Authority and other bodies. 135 Information for purposes of section 134. 136 Amendment of cross-references to provisions of Chapter I. 137 Council tax: no Crown exemption for Authority or functional bodies. 138 No discretionary rate relief for functional bodies. 139 Local loans. 140 Functions of Mayor or Assembly under or by virtue of this Part. 141 General transport duty. 142 The Mayor’s transport strategy. 143 Directions by the Secretary of State. 144 Duties of London borough councils etc. 145 Preparation of the plan. 146 Approval of plans by the Mayor. 147 Power of the Mayor to prepare a plan. 148 Revision. 149 Procedure for revision. 150 Power of the Mayor to prepare a revised plan. 151 Implementation by a London borough council. 152 Implementation by the Mayor. 153 Directions by the Mayor. 154 Establishment. 155 Directions etc by the Mayor. 156 General powers. 157 Restriction on exercise of certain powers except through a company. 158 Power of Mayor to transfer functions. 159 Financial assistance. 160 Guarantees. 161 Annual report. 162 Provision of information. 163 Restrictions on disposal of land. 164 Control of subsidiaries. 165 Distribution of property, rights and liabilities. 166 Procedure for making byelaws. 167 Power of Transport for London to promote or oppose Bills in Parliament. 168 Orders under the Transport and Works Act 1992. 169 Meaning of transport subsidiary’s agreement. 170 Powers of disposal. 171 Power to give guarantees. 172 Supplementary provisions with respect to transfer schemes. 173 Provision of public passenger transport. 174 Structure of fares and services. 175 Co-operation with the Strategic Rail Authority. 176 Co-operation with other persons. 177 Provision of extra passenger transport services and facilities. 178 Information and publicity about plans as to services and fares. 179 London local services. 180 Provision of London local services. 181 The London bus network. 182 London local service agreements. 183 Addition or variation of a network service. 184 Discontinuance of a network service. 185 London service permits. 186 Grant of London service permits. 187 Conditions. 188 Revocation. 189 Appeals. 190 Duration. 191 Consultation. 192 Publication. 193 Validity of agreements and permits. 194 Application of the Public Passenger Vehicles Act 1981. 195 Interpretation of Chapter V. 196 Power of Authority to give directions and guidance to Strategic Rail Authority. 197 Strategic Rail Authority to consult Mayor as to fares, services etc. 198 Exemptions by order under Part I of the Railways Act 1993. 199 Licence exemptions and facility exemptions. 200 Railway access contracts. 201 Transport for London: contracts requiring passenger licences. 202 Authority and Transport for London not to be railway franchisees. 203 Strategic Rail Authority to give copy documents to Mayor. 204 Procedure for closure of certain railway passenger services. 205 Amendment of franchise agreements to take account of the Authority. 206 Secretary of State to consult Mayor before changing amount of penalty fare. 207 Restrictions on contracting out certain services. 208 Docklands Light Railway. 209 The Croydon Tramlink. 210 PPP agreements. 211 Public sector operators. 212 PPP designations. 213 Key system assets. 214 Register of key system assets. 215 Related third party agreements. 216 Protection of key system assets. 217 Schemes for the transfer of key system assets. 218 PPP leases. 219 Land registration and PPP leases. 220 Meaning and effect of PPP administration orders. 221 PPP administration orders made on special petitions. 222 Restriction on making winding-up order. 223 Restrictions on voluntary winding-up etc. 224 Meaning of company and application of provisions to unregistered, foreign and other companies. 225 The PPP arbiter. 226 Terms of appointment. 227 Staff. 228 Same person as PPP arbiter and Rail Regulator: duties of staff. 229 Directions of the PPP arbiter. 230 Guidance by the PPP arbiter. 231 Duty of the PPP arbiter. 232 Further powers. 233 Provision of information to the PPP arbiter. 234 Failure to provide information to PPP arbiter. 235 Restrictions on disclosure of information. 236 Immunity. 237 Expenses. 238 Statutory undertakers. 239 Interpretation of Chapter VII. 240 Travel concessions on journeys in and around Greater London. 241 Reserve free travel scheme .... 242 Requirements as to scope. 243 Requirements as to uniformity. 244 Exercise of functions by a joint committee. 244A Power to make byelaws for London local services 244B Powers of authorised persons 244C Fixed penalty notices 245 Penalty fares. 246 Abolition of the London Regional Passengers’ Committee. 247 The London Transport Users’ Committee. 248 Representations to the Committee. 249 Voluntary arrangements with transport providers. 250 Recommendations and reports etc. 251 Directions by the Assembly. 252 Role as Rail Passengers’ Committee. 252A Committee to keep railways matters under review 252B References to Committee in relation to railways 252C Action on investigation under section 252B 252D Reports on investigation etc. 252E Power to make exclusions from duties under sections 252A to 252D 253 Hackney carriages. 254 The Private Hire Vehicles (London) Act 1998. 255 Provisions consequent on alteration of metropolitan police district. 256 Provision of facilities to benefit users of waterways. 257 The Woolwich Ferry. 258 Landing places: transfer of certain rights and obligations. 259 Introductory. 260 Designation of first GLA roads. 261 Orders by the Authority changing what are GLA roads. 262 Certification and records of GLA roads. 263 Supplementary provisions. 264 Transfer of property and liabilities upon a highway becoming or ceasing to be a GLA road. 265 Transfer of employees upon a highway becoming or ceasing to be a GLA road. 266 Exercise of powers so as to affect another authority’s roads. 267 Proposals for Royal Parks and highways: consultation. 268 Road humps. 269 Traffic calming. 270 Stopping up orders by London councils. 271 Transport for London to be traffic authority for GLA roads etc. 272 GLA side roads. 273 Power to place traffic signs in connection with GLA roads etc. 274 Power to affix traffic signs to walls. 275 Transfer of London Traffic Control System to Transport for London. 276 London borough councils and the London traffic control system. 277 Transfer of traffic control systems between Secretary of State and Transport for London. 278 Traffic authority for certain traffic signs in Greater London. 279 Road safety information and training. 280 The Road Traffic Reduction Act 1997. 281 Designation of paying parking places on highways. 282 Financial provisions relating to parking places on the highway. 283 Appointment of parking adjudicators by joint committee. 284 Fixing of certain parking and other charges. 285 Special parking areas. 286 Variation of special parking areas by the Mayor. 287 Interpretation of parking provisions. 288 School crossing patrols. 289 Parking attendants. 290 Exercise by traffic wardens of functions of parking attendants. 291 London borough council affecting another authority’s roads. 292 Interpretation of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984. 293 Proposals for Royal Parks and highways: consultation. 294 Repeal of certain enactments. 295 Road user charging. 296 Workplace parking levy. 297 Transfers of property, rights and liabilities. 298 Functions during the transitional period. 299 Fares etc during the transitional period. 300 Continuity: repealed or revoked functions. 301 Transfer of former functions of LTE, records and relics. 302 Dissolution of London Regional Transport. 303 Interpretation of Chapter XVI. 304 Appointment of members by the Mayor. 305 Delegation of functions by Ministers to the Mayor. 306 The London Development Agency strategy. 307 Secretary of State’s functions in relation to the strategy. 308 Audit. 309 Further amendments of the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998. 309A The Health Adviser 309B The Health Adviser: identity and appointment 309C The Deputy Health Advisers 309D Deputy Health Advisers: identity and appointment 309E The Mayor's health inequalities strategy 309F “Health inequalities between persons living in Greater London” 309G Preparation and revision of the strategy: procedural matters 309H Directions by the Secretary of State 310 Establishment, membership and duty to maintain police force. 311 Assimilation of general functions to those of other police authorities. 312 Metropolitan Police Authority to be police authority instead of Secretary of State. 313 Openness. 314 General functions of the Commissioner. 315 Appointment of Commissioner. 316 Functions of the Deputy Commissioner. 317 Appointment of Deputy Commissioner. 318 Removal of Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner. 319 Appointment, removal and functions of Assistant Commissioners. 320 Appointment and removal of Commanders. 321 Continuation in post of Commissioners and Commanders. 322 Other members of the metropolitan police force. 323 Alteration of the metropolitan police district. 324 Secondments to meet demands caused by the boundary change. 325 Further amendments relating to metropolitan police etc. 326 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 Abolition of office of Receiver. 327A The London Fire Commissioner 327B Disqualification for appointment as London Fire Commissioner 327C Suspension and removal of London Fire Commissioner 327D Directions etc by the Mayor 327E Directions to the Mayor by the Secretary of State 327F The Deputy Mayor for Fire 327G Scrutiny of documents prepared by London Fire Commissioner 327H The Assembly fire and emergency committee 327I Functions to be discharged by the fire and emergency committee 333ZA Compulsory acquisition of land 333ZAA Acquisition of land by agreement 333ZB Powers in relation to land ... held for housing or regeneration purposes 333ZC Disposal etc of land held for housing and regeneration purposes 333ZD Power to enter and survey land 333ZE Social housing 333ZF Relationship with the Regulator of Social Housing: general 333ZG Relationship with the Regulator of Social Housing: directions 333ZH Relationship with the Regulator of Social Housing: further provisions 333ZI Exercise of functions by the Authority in relation to certain property etc 333ZJ Grants to the Authority for housing and regeneration purposes 333A The London housing strategy 333B Submission of draft strategy to Secretary of State before publication 333C Reviews of the strategy 333D Duties of the Authority and local authorities 333DA Transfer schemes 333DB Further provisions about transfer schemes 333DC Tax consequences of transfers under section 333DA 333E Interpretation of Part 7A 333F Economic development strategy for London 333G Public authorities: duty to have regard to shared local growth priorities for London 334 The spatial development strategy. 335 Public participation. 336 Withdrawal. 337 Publication. 338 Examination in public. 339 Review of matters affecting the strategy. 340 Reviews of the strategy. 341 Alteration or replacement. 342 Matters to which the Mayor is to have regard. 343 Regulations. 344 Amendments of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. 345 Town and Country Planning Act 1990: costs of appeals. 346 Monitoring and data collection. 347 Functional bodies to have regard to the strategy. 348 Mayor’s functions as to planning around Greater London. 349 Abolition of joint planning committee for Greater London. 350 Interpretation of Part VIII. 351 The Mayor’s environmental report. 351A The London Environment Strategy 351B Guidance 351C Directions as to the content of the London Environment Strategy 352 The London Environment Strategy: biodiversity. 353 The London Environment Strategy: municipal waste management. 354 Directions by the Secretary of State. 355 Duties of waste collection authorities etc. 356 Directions by the Mayor. 356A London Waste and Recycling Board 356B Supplemental provision concerning the Board 357 Information about existing waste contracts. 358 Information about new waste contracts. 359 Confidential information about waste contracts. 360 Interpretation of sections 353 to 359. 361 Waste recycling plans. 361A Duties of Mayor and Assembly with respect to climate change 361B The London Environment Strategy: climate change mitigation and energy 361C Directions by the Secretary of State to revise the strategy 361D The London Environment Strategy: adaptation to climate change 361E Directions by the Secretary of State to revise the strategy 362 The London Environment Strategy: air quality. 363 Directions by the Secretary of State. 364 Duty of local authorities in Greater London. 365 Directions by the Mayor. 366 Interpretation of sections 362 to 365. 367 Directions under the Environment Act 1995. 368 Duty of the Mayor in relation to air quality action plans. 369 Consultation with the Mayor. 370 The London Environment Strategy: ambient noise. 371 Consultation about aviation noise. 372 Consultation at aerodromes. 373 Functional bodies to have regard to strategies under this Part. 374 Abolition of the London Ecology Committee. 375 The Cultural Strategy Group for London. 376 The Mayor’s culture strategy. 377 Assistance by the Mayor for museums, galleries etc. 377A The Mayor's duty to exercise certain powers of appointment 378 Duty of the Authority to promote tourism. 379 Authority’s duty to provide advice on tourism. 380 Delegation of Authority’s functions. 381 Grants to the Authority for its tourism functions. 382 Interpretation of Chapter I. 383 Trafalgar Square. 384 Parliament Square. 385 Byelaws. 386 Guidance. 387 The Trustee Investments Act 1961. 388 The Local Authorities (Goods and Services) Act 1970. 389 The Superannuation Act 1972. 390 The Superannuation Act 1972: delegation of functions. 391 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 The Stock Transfer Act 1982. 393 Companies in which local authorities have interests. 394 Investigation by the Commission for Local Administration. 395 Provision of information, advice and assistance by functional bodies. 396 Research and collection of information: London Research Centre etc. 397 Information schemes. 398 Schemes for the provision of information by London councils: supplementary. 399 Revocation or variation of information schemes. 400 Overseas assistance. 401 Accommodation for Authority and functional bodies. 401A Administrative, professional and technical services 402 Finance. 403 Membership, reports and information. 403ZA Co-operation with local government pension scheme managers 403A Acquisition of land by the Authority and TfL for shared purposes 403B Acquisition of land by MDC and TfL for shared purposes 404 Discrimination. 405 Power to amend Acts and subordinate legislation. 406 Transitional and consequential provision. 407 Appointments by the Secretary of State. 408 Transfers of property, rights or liabilities. 409 Transfer schemes. 410 Contracts of employment etc. 411 Pensions. 412 Transfer and pension instruments: common provisions. 413 Modification of transfer or pension instruments. 414 Foreign property, rights or liabilities: perfection of vesting. 415 Continuity. 416 Repeal and re-enactment: supplementary provisions. 417 Stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax. 418 Stamp duty: instruments under London Regional Transport Act 1984. 419 Taxation. 420 Regulations and orders. 421 Directions. 422 Financial provisions. 423 Repeals. 424 Interpretation. 425 Short title, commencement and extent. SCHEDULE 1 Assembly constituencies and orders under section 2(4) SCHEDULE 2 Voting at elections SCHEDULE 3 Amendments of the Representation of the People Acts Schedule 3A Free delivery of election addresses at first election of Mayor SCHEDULE 4 Exercise of functions during vacancy or temporary incapacity of Mayor SCHEDULE 4A Confirmation hearings etc SCHEDULE 5 Promotion of Bills in Parliament by the Authority SCHEDULE 6 Procedure for determining the Authority’s consolidated council tax requirement SCHEDULE 7 Procedure for making of substitute calculations by the Authority SCHEDULE 10 Transport for London SCHEDULE 11 Miscellaneous powers of Transport for London SCHEDULE 12 Transport for London transfer schemes SCHEDULE 13 Promotion of Bills in Parliament by Transport for London SCHEDULE 14 PPP administration orders SCHEDULE 15 Transfer of relevant activities in connection with PPP administration orders SCHEDULE 16 The free travel scheme SCHEDULE 17 Penalty fares SCHEDULE 18 London Transport Users’ Committee SCHEDULE 19 Amendment of enactments relating to the London Regional Passengers’ Committee SCHEDULE 20 Hackney carriages SCHEDULE 21 The Private Hire Vehicles (London) Act 1998 SCHEDULE 22 Stopping up orders by London councils SCHEDULE 23 Road user charging SCHEDULE 24 Workplace parking levy SCHEDULE 25 Further amendments of the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998 SCHEDULE 27 Further amendments relating to metropolitan police etc Schedule 27A The London Fire Commissioner SCHEDULE 30 The Cultural Strategy Group for London SCHEDULE 31 Transfer schemes SCHEDULE 32 London Regional Transport pension etc schemes SCHEDULE 33 Taxation provisions SCHEDULE 34 Enactments repealed
What to do with it
As published
157 Restriction on exercise of certain powers except through a company.
(1) The Secretary of State may by order made with the consent of the Treasury provide that Transport for London shall not carry on such activities as are specified in the order except through
(a) a limited liability partnership of which a subsidiary of Transport for London (but not Transport for London) is a member; or
(b) a company which is registered under the Companies Act 2006 and limited by shares or limited by guarantee and which is—
(i) a subsidiary of Transport for London; or
(ii) a company which Transport for London formed, or joined with others in forming, by virtue of section 156(1) above and which does not fall within sub-paragraph (i) above.
(2) The specification of an activity in an order under subsection (1) above shall not—
(a) prevent Transport for London from entering into or carrying out under section 156(2) or (3) above an agreement with a person for the carrying on of that activity by that person; or
(b) affect the validity of such an agreement.
(3) If it appears to the Secretary of State that Transport for London is carrying out, or proposes to carry out, otherwise than in compliance with an order under subsection (1) above any activities specified in such an order—
(a) the Secretary of State may give a direction to Transport for London requiring it to comply with the order within such period as may be specified for the purpose in the order; and
(b) Transport for London shall be under a duty to comply with such a direction.
(4) If Transport for London does not comply with a direction under subsection (3) above in the case of an activity to which the direction relates, Transport for London shall be treated in respect of the carrying out of that activity as not being a local authority for the purposes of—
(a) section 984 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 (exemption of local authorities from corporation tax);
(aa) section 838 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (exemption of local authorities from income tax); and
(b) section 271 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 (exemption of local authorities from capital gains tax).
Your wording
Your change, as a redline
157 Restriction on exercise of certain powers except through a company.
(1) The Secretary of State may by order made with the consent of the Treasury provide that Transport for London shall not carry on such activities as are specified in the order except through
(a) a limited liability partnership of which a subsidiary of Transport for London (but not Transport for London) is a member; or
(b) a company which is registered under the Companies Act 2006 and limited by shares or limited by guarantee and which is—
(i) a subsidiary of Transport for London; or
(ii) a company which Transport for London formed, or joined with others in forming, by virtue of section 156(1) above and which does not fall within sub-paragraph (i) above.
(2) The specification of an activity in an order under subsection (1) above shall not—
(a) prevent Transport for London from entering into or carrying out under section 156(2) or (3) above an agreement with a person for the carrying on of that activity by that person; or
(b) affect the validity of such an agreement.
(3) If it appears to the Secretary of State that Transport for London is carrying out, or proposes to carry out, otherwise than in compliance with an order under subsection (1) above any activities specified in such an order—
(a) the Secretary of State may give a direction to Transport for London requiring it to comply with the order within such period as may be specified for the purpose in the order; and
(b) Transport for London shall be under a duty to comply with such a direction.
(4) If Transport for London does not comply with a direction under subsection (3) above in the case of an activity to which the direction relates, Transport for London shall be treated in respect of the carrying out of that activity as not being a local authority for the purposes of—
(a) section 984 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 (exemption of local authorities from corporation tax);
(aa) section 838 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (exemption of local authorities from income tax); and
(b) section 271 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 (exemption of local authorities from capital gains tax).
A proposal here is not law. Support on Solon is evidence that people want the change; the official route says what it takes to make it law.