Public budgets

Netherlands: public budget

What Netherlands's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2023

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2023's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$495.84B · 43.7% of GDP
Spending
$499.63B · 44% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$3.91B · -0.3% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Netherlands, 2023: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Netherlands, 2023: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection37.2$186.1B
Health16.1$80.46B
Economic affairs11.9$59.57B
Education11.5$57.59B
General public services8.3$41.53B
Public order and safety4.2$21.11B
Environmental protection3.5$17.3B
Defence3.1$15.56B
Recreation, culture and religion2.6$13.15B
Housing and community amenities1.5$7.26B
Social protection$186.1B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age36.7$68.21B
Sickness and disability25.9$48.27B
Social exclusion n.e.c.16.7$31.1B
Family and children14$25.97B
Unemployment4$7.4B
Housing2.4$4.52B
Survivors0.2$443.33M
R&D Social protection0.1$116.78M
Social protection n.e.c.0$71.37M
Health$80.46B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services46.8$37.66B
Outpatient services30.3$24.41B
Medical products, appliances and equipment9.6$7.75B
R&D Health5.3$4.3B
Public health services4.4$3.56B
Health n.e.c.3.4$2.77B
Economic affairs$59.57B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport40.4$24.07B
Fuel and energy26.8$15.94B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs12.2$7.28B
R&D Economic affairs9.7$5.79B
Other industries6.6$3.94B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting3.1$1.85B
Mining, manufacturing and construction0.8$456.31M
Communication0.3$188.15M
Economic affairs n.e.c.0.1$49.74M
Education$57.59B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education39.1$22.52B
Pre-primary and primary education31.1$17.93B
Tertiary education24.6$14.14B
Subsidiary services to education4.4$2.53B
Education not definable by level0.4$258.43M
R&D Education0.3$177.33M
Education n.e.c.0.1$29.2M
Post-secondary non-tertiary education0$0
General public services$41.53B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs43.4$18.03B
Public debt transactions18.5$7.67B
Basic research14.5$6.04B
General services12.1$5.04B
Foreign economic aid11.1$4.61B
General public services n.e.c.0.2$87.59M
R&D General public services0.1$58.39M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Public order and safety$21.11B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services43.4$9.17B
Prisons17$3.58B
Law courts14.3$3.01B
Public order and safety n.e.c.13$2.75B
Fire-protection services11$2.32B
R&D Public order and safety1.4$288.71M
Environmental protection$17.3B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management41.4$7.17B
Waste water management25.8$4.46B
Pollution abatement18.9$3.28B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape9.9$1.71B
R&D Environmental protection2.2$379.54M
Environmental protection n.e.c.1.8$304.93M
Defence$15.56B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence82.1$12.77B
Foreign military aid13.1$2.03B
Defence n.e.c.3.5$539.57M
R&D Defence1.4$216.26M
Civil defence0$0
Recreation, culture and religion$13.15B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Recreational and sporting services41.5$5.46B
Cultural services37$4.87B
Broadcasting and publishing services12.4$1.63B
Religious and other community services8.2$1.08B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion0.9$116.78M
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.0$0
Housing and community amenities$7.26B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Housing development59.9$4.35B
Community development28.3$2.05B
R&D Housing and community amenities5$361.15M
Street lighting3.5$255.19M
Water supply2.3$167.6M
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.1.1$78.93M

Where the money comes from

Netherlands, 2023: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Netherlands, 2023: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income and wealth34.1$168.93B
Social contributions29.4$145.73B
Taxes on sales, production and imports25.9$128.54B
Sales, fees and charges6.9$34.4B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.5$7.48B
Other transfers received1.2$5.84B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.9$4.49B
Subsidies received0.1$415.22M
Taxes on sales, production and imports$128.54B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax63.6$81.74B
Not broken down, or fitting no category36.4$46.81B

Over the years

46.1 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546.2 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99644.9 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99844.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99944.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00043.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00142.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00242.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00342.9 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00442.9 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00544 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00843.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01043.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01143.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01244.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01344.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01544.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01644.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01743.9 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01844 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01944.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02043.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02143.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02243.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02443.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02554.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99548.1 % of GDPSpending · 1,99646.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99745.4 % of GDPSpending · 1,99844.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99943.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00044.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00144.8 % of GDPSpending · 2,00245.8 % of GDPSpending · 2,00344.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00443.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00544 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,01047.8 % of GDPSpending · 2,01147.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,01247.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01346.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01445.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01543.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,01642.8 % of GDPSpending · 2,01742.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,01842.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01947.8 % of GDPSpending · 2,02045.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,02143.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,02244 % of GDPSpending · 2,02344.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Netherlands: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Netherlands: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99546.154.8
1,99646.248.1
1,99744.946.5
1,99844.145.4
1,99944.644.3
2,00044.343.2
2,00143.644.1
2,00242.644.8
2,00342.645.8
2,00442.944.7
2,00542.943.4
2,0064444
2,00743.143.3
2,00844.244.3
2,00943.348.4
2,01043.648.9
2,01143.447.8
2,01243.847.6
2,01344.647.5
2,01444.546.7
2,01543.545.3
2,01644.143.9
2,01744.242.8
2,01843.942.4
2,0194442.1
2,02044.147.8
2,02143.645.9
2,02243.343.3
2,02343.744
2,02443.644.4
2,02543.6
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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