Law

Animal Health Act 1981

United Kingdom · statute

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In force since 2026-07-24, as the publisher states.

Copy read on 2026-11-08. The page it was read from

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.

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Contents: 161 provisions
  1. Title and introductory text
  2. 1 General powers of Ministers to make orders.
  3. 2 Local authority regulations.
  4. 3 Expenditure for eradication.
  5. 4 Offences as to s. 3.
  6. 5 Veterinary services and therapeutic substances.
  7. 6 Eradication areas and attested areas.
  8. 6A Biosecurity guidance
  9. 6B Biosecurity compliance
  10. 6C Biosecurity codes: Scotland
  11. 6D Emergency biosecurity orders: Scotland
  12. 6E Tests and samples: Scotland
  13. 6F Samples: further testing
  14. 7 Cleansing and disinfection.
  15. 8 Movement generally.
  16. 8A Animal gatherings: Scotland
  17. 9 Prohibition in specific cases.
  18. 10 Importation.
  19. 10A Annual review of import controls
  20. 11 Export to member States.
  21. 12 Export quarantine stations.
  22. 13 Orders as to dogs.
  23. 14 Prevention of sheep scab.
  24. 14A National contingency plan
  25. 14B Duty to consider vaccination
  26. 15 Separation and notice.
  27. 16 Treatment after exposure to infection.
  28. 16A Slaughter of vaccinated animals
  29. 16B Slaughter of treated animals: Scotland
  30. 17 Powers as to infected places and areas.
  31. 18 Other provisions as to infected places and areas.
  32. 19 Destruction of foxes etc. on rabies infection.
  33. 20 Additional provisions under s. 17 on rabies infection.
  34. 21 Destruction of wild life on infection other than rabies.
  35. 22 Powers of entry etc. for s. 21.
  36. 23 Orders as to infected places and areas.
  37. 24 Rabies: quarantine and virus control.
  38. 25 Movement of diseased or suspected animals.
  39. 26 Pleuro-pneumonia or foot-and-mouth disease found in transit.
  40. 27 Exclusion of strangers.
  41. 28 Seizure of diseased or suspected animals.
  42. 28A Deliberate infection
  43. 28B Deliberate infection: disqualification
  44. 28C Deliberate infection: Scotland
  45. 28D Deliberate infection: deprivation of entitlement to compensation
  46. 28E Deliberate infection: deprivation orders
  47. 28F Deliberate infection: disqualification orders
  48. 28G Seizure orders where disqualification breached
  49. 28H Suspension of orders pending appeal
  50. 28I Specified diseases: Scotland
  51. 29 Control of zoonoses.
  52. 30 Provisions supplemental to s. 29.
  53. 31 Slaughter in certain diseases.
  54. 32 Slaughter in other diseases.
  55. 32A Slaughter to prevent spread of disease
  56. 32B Disease control (slaughter) protocol
  57. 32C Protocol: exercise of powers
  58. 32D Explanation of preventive slaughter
  59. 32E Slaughter for preventing spread of disease: Scotland
  60. 32F Disease control (slaughter) statement: Scotland
  61. 33 Additional staff and expenses.
  62. 34 Slaughter and compensation generally.
  63. 35 Seizure and disposal of carcases etc.
  64. 36 Compensation for seizure.
  65. 36ZA Seizure of carcases etc.: further provision for Scotland
  66. 36ZB Compensation for seizure
  67. 36N Power to specify livestock genotypes and TSEs
  68. 36O Ascertaining genotypes and identifying livestock
  69. 36P Restrictions on breeding
  70. 36Q Review
  71. 36R Scottish Ministers' powers of enforcement
  72. 36S Offences
  73. 36T Powers of slaughter: TSE
  74. 36U Powers of entry
  75. 36V Compensation
  76. 36W Orders and regulations
  77. 36X Interpretation
  78. 37 Prevention of suffering.
  79. 38 Food and water.
  80. 39 Export of animals generally.
  81. 41 Restriction on export of ponies.
  82. 42 Restriction on export of registered ponies.
  83. 43 Regulation of export of ponies.
  84. 44 Slaughter on examination of inspection.
  85. 45 Marking of horses certified for export.
  86. 46 Slaughter of injured horses.
  87. 47 Exemption of thoroughbreds in transit.
  88. 48 Certificates.
  89. 50 Local authorities for purposes of this Act.
  90. 51 Local authorities and their districts.
  91. 52 Inspectors and other officers.
  92. 53 Borrowing powers.
  93. 54 Provision of wharves etc.
  94. 55 Power to acquire land.
  95. 56 Public facilities for sheep dipping.
  96. 57 Burial of carcases washed ashore.
  97. 58 Regulations.
  98. 59 Default.
  99. 60 Duties and authorities of constables.
  100. 61 Powers of arrest as to rabies. Powers of entry and search in relation to rabies offences
  101. 62 Entry and search under s. 61. Entry and search in exercise of powers to seize animals
  102. 62A Slaughter: power of entry
  103. 62B Slaughter: warrants
  104. 62C Slaughter: supplementary
  105. 62D Tests and samples: power of entry
  106. 62E Tests and samples: warrants
  107. 62F Tests and samples: supplementary
  108. 62G Powers of entry etc.: Scotland
  109. 62H Warrants
  110. 62I Entry and warrants: supplementary
  111. 63 General powers of inspectors.
  112. 64 Powers of inspectors as to poultry.
  113. 64A Powers of inspectors relating to assimilated law
  114. 65 Power to detain vessels and aircraft.
  115. 65A Inspection of vehicles
  116. 65B Inspection of vehicles: Scotland
  117. 66 Refusal and obstruction.
  118. 66A Refusal and obstruction of inspector
  119. 67 Issue of false licences etc.
  120. 68 Issue of licences etc. in blank.
  121. 69 Falsely obtaining licences etc.
  122. 70 Alteration of licences etc.
  123. 71 Other offences as to licences.
  124. 71A Prosecutions: time limit
  125. 72 Offences made and declared by and under this Act.
  126. 73 General offences.
  127. 74 Liability under the customs and excise Acts.
  128. 75 Penalties for certain summary offences
  129. 76 Certain importation offences triable either summarily or on indictment.
  130. 76A Fixed penalty notices
  131. 77 Money recoverable summarily.
  132. 78 Appeal.
  133. 79 Evidence and procedure.
  134. 80 Yearly return to Parliament.
  135. 81 Reports to Minister.
  136. 82 Information from Agricultural Marketing Boards.
  137. 83 Form and service of instruments.
  138. 83A Electronic communication: Scotland
  139. 84 Fees.
  140. 85 Exemption from stamp duty.
  141. 86 Ministers and their functions.
  142. 87 Meaning of “animals” and “poultry”.
  143. 88 Meaning of “disease”.
  144. 89 Other interpretation provisions.
  145. 90 Application to hovercraft.
  146. 91 Orders etc.
  147. 92 General application to Scotland.
  148. 93 Communications to and from Northern Ireland.
  149. 94 Transitional.
  150. 95 Savings.
  151. 96 Consequential amendments and repeals.
  152. 97 Short title, extent, and commencement.
  153. SCHEDULE 1 Regulation of Manufacture of and Other Matters Connected with Veterinary Therapeutic Substances
  154. SCHEDULE 2 Specific Matters with Respect to Which Provision may be made in Orders Under Section 10
  155. SCHEDULE 2A Specified diseases
  156. SCHEDULE 2B Specified diseases: Scotland
  157. SCHEDULE 3 Power to Slaughter in Relation to Certain Diseases
  158. SCHEDULE 3A Power of slaughter for preventing spread of disease: Scotland
  159. SCHEDULE 4 Additional Provisions as to Food and Water at Railway Stations
  160. SCHEDULE 5 Consequential Amendments
  161. Schedule 6 Repeals

Proposed changes to this act

No one has proposed a change to this act yet.

161 provisions

41 Restriction on export of ponies.

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42 Restriction on export of registered ponies.

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43 Regulation of export of ponies.

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44 Slaughter on examination of inspection.

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45 Marking of horses certified for export.

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46 Slaughter of injured horses.

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47 Exemption of thoroughbreds in transit.

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48 Certificates.

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50 Local authorities for purposes of this Act.

(1) In this Act “local authority” has the meaning given by subsections (2) and (3) below, but subject to subsection (4) below and to section 13(3) above. (2) In the application of this Act to England and Wales “local authority” means— (a) as respects a London borough, the borough council, (b) as respects a non-metropolitan county, the county council, (bb) as respects a county borough, the county borough council, (c) as respects a metropolitan district, the district council, and the Common Council of the City of London shall be the local authority— for the City of London, and in and for the whole of Greater London for the purpose of the provisions of this Act relating to imported animals. (3) In the application of this Act to Scotland “local authority” means a council constituted under section 2 of the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994. (4) Where the district or part of a district of a local authority is or comprises, or is comprised in— (a) a port or part of a port, or (b) an aerodrome or part of an aerodrome, the appropriate Minister may, if he thinks fit, in relation to either paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) above by order make any body, other than the local authority under subsection (2) or subsection (3) above, the local authority for the purposes of the provisions of this Act relating to imported animals. (5) A local authority shall execute and enforce this Act and every order of the Minister so far as they are to be executed and enforced by local authorities.

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51 Local authorities and their districts.

(1) The provision of this Act conferring powers on, or otherwise relating to, a local authority, or their inspectors or officers shall, unless otherwise expressed, be read as having reference to the district of the local authority. (2) The powers so conferred shall, unless it is otherwise expressed, be exercisable and shall operate within and in relation to that district only.

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52 Inspectors and other officers.

(1) Every local authority shall appoint as many inspectors and other officers as the local authority think necessary for the execution and enforcement of this Act. (2) Every local authority shall assign to those inspectors and officers such duties, and salaries or allowances, and may delegate to any of them such authorities and discretion, as to the local authority seem fit, and may at any time revoke any appointment so made.

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53 Borrowing powers.

(1) A local authority may borrow for the purposes of this Act. (2) In Scotland the power conferred by this section shall only be exercisable where the expenditure of the local authority under this Act requiring to be met out of rates in any financial year exceeds or would exceed the produce of a rate of 2½p. in the pound on the rateable valuation of the authority’s area.

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54 Provision of wharves etc.

(1) A local authority may provide, erect and fit up wharves, stations, lairs, sheds and other places for the landing, reception, keeping, sale, slaughter or disposal of imported or other animals, carcases, fodder, litter, dung and other things. (2) There shall be incorporated with this Act the Markets and Fairs Clauses Act 1847, except sections 6 to 9, and 52 to 59. (3) A wharf or other place provided by a local authority under this section shall be a market within that Act, and this Act shall be the special Act; and (a) the prescribed limits shall be the limits of lands acquired or appropriated for the purposes of this section; (b) byelaws shall be approved by the appropriate Minister, which approval shall be sufficient without any other approval or allowance where— (i) notice of application for approval has been given, and (ii) the proposed byelaws have been published before application, as required by that Act of 1847. (4) A local authority may charge for the use of a wharf or other place provided by them under this section such sums as may be imposed by byelaws, and those sums shall be deemed tolls authorised by the special Act. (5) All sums so received by a local authority in England or Wales— (a) shall be carried to a separate account; and (b) shall be applied in payment of interest and repayment of principal in respect of money borrowed by them under this Act; and (c) subject to paragraph (b), shall be applied towards the discharge of their expenses under this Act. (6) The local authority shall make such periodical returns to the appropriate Minister as he may require of their expenditure and receipts in respect of the wharf or other place.

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55 Power to acquire land.

(1) A local authority may— (a) purchase land by agreement, or (b) if so authorised by the Minister or the appropriate Minister, purchase land compulsorily, or (c) by agreement take land on lease or at a rent, for the following purposes— (i) for wharves or other places; or (ii) for use for burial of carcases, in cases where there is not any ground suitable in that behalf in the possession or occupation of the owner of the animal, or any common or unenclosed land suitable and approved by the Minister or the appropriate Minister in that behalf; or (iii) for any other purpose of this Act. (2) The powers conferred by this section may be exercised by a local authority in England or Wales with respect to land within or without their district. (3) References in the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) Act 1946 and the Acquisition of Land (Authorisation Procedure) (Scotland) Act 1947 to enactments in force immediately before the respective commencements of those Acts shall include references to this section. This subsection is without prejudice to a paragraph (a) of section 17(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978 as regards references in an Act to an enactment repealed and re-enacted.

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56 Public facilities for sheep dipping.

(1) A local authority may provide, fit up and maintain portable dipping tanks or dipping places, and afford their use, and the use of all necessary connected appliances and materials, to the public upon such terms and conditions as the local authority may think fit. (2) Any sums received by a local authority in England or Wales for such use shall be applied by them towards the discharge of their expenses under this Act. (3) No dipping place shall be used for the purposes of this section if such use would injuriously affect the water in any stream, reservoir, aqueduct, well, pond or place constructed or used for the supply of water for drinking or other domestic purposes.

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57 Burial of carcases washed ashore.

(1) Where a carcase washed ashore is buried or destroyed under the direction of a receiver of wreck with authority from the Secretary of State the expenses of such burial or destruction shall be expenses of the local authority. (2) Those expenses shall be paid by the local authority to the receiver on demand, and in default of payment shall be recoverable with costs by the receiver from the local authority. (3) Where a local authority has incurred any expenses under this section on account of the burial or destruction of the carcase of any animal which, or the carcase of which, was thrown or washed from any vessel, the owner of the vessel shall be liable to repay such expenses to the local authority.

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58 Regulations.

(1) A regulation of a local authority may be proved— (a) by the production of a newspaper purporting to contain the regulation as an advertisement; or (b) by the production of a copy of the regulation purporting to be certified by the clerk of the local authority as a true copy. (2) A regulation so proved shall be taken to have been duly made, unless and until the contrary is proved. (3) A regulation of a local authority authorised by this Act or by an order of the Minister shall alone be deemed for the purposes of this Act a regulation of a local authority.

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59 Default.

(1) Where a local authority fail to execute or enforce any of the provisions of this Act, or of an order of the Minister, the appropriate Minister may by order empower a person named in that order— (a) to execute and enforce those provisions; or (b) to procure their execution and enforcement. (2) The expenses incurred under any such order or in respect of any such default by or on behalf of the appropriate Minister shall be expenses of the local authority, and (a) the treasurer or other proper officer of the local authority shall pay the amount of such expenses to the appropriate Minister on demand; and (b) in default of payment a person appointed by the appropriate Minister to sue in that behalf may recover the amount of such expenses from the local authority. (3) For the purposes of this section an order of the Minister shall be conclusive in respect of any default, amount of expenses, or other matter stated or appearing in it. (4) The provisions of this section are without prejudice to the right or power of the appropriate Minister, or any other authority or any person, to take any other proceedings for requiring a local authority to execute or enforce any of the provisions of this Act or of an order of the Minister.

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60 Duties and authorities of constables.

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61 Powers of arrest as to rabies. Powers of entry and search in relation to rabies offences

(1) Without prejudice to the powers of arrest conferred by section 60 above or otherwise, a constable may arrest without warrant any person whom he, with reasonable cause, suspects to be in the act of committing or to have committed an offence to which this section applies. (2) The offences to which this section applies for the purposes of section 17(1)(caa) of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 are offences against this Act consisting of— (a) the landing or attempted landing of any animal or importation or attempted importation through the tunnel system as defined in the Channel Tunnel Act 1987 of any animal in contravention of an order made under this Act and expressed to be made for the purpose of preventing the introduction of rabies into Great Britain; or (b) the failure by the person having the charge or control of any vessel or boat to discharge any obligation imposed on him in that capacity by such an order; or (c) the movement, in contravention of an order under section 17 or section 23 above, of any animal into, within or out of a place or area declared to be infected with rabies.

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62 Entry and search under s. 61. Entry and search in exercise of powers to seize animals

(1) For the purpose of arresting a person under the power conferred by section 61 above a constable may enter (if need be, by force) and search any vessel, boat, aircraft or vehicle of any other description in which that person is or in which the constable, with reasonable cause, suspects him to be. (2) For the purpose of exercising any power to seize an animal or cause an animal to be seized, and— (a) where that power is conferred on constables by an order made under this Act, and (b) where that power is expressed to be made for the purpose of preventing the introduction of rabies into Great Britain. a constable may enter (if need be, by force) and search any vessel, boat, aircraft or vehicle of any other description in which there is, or in which he, with reasonable cause, suspects that there is, an animal to which that power applies.

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62A Slaughter: power of entry

(1) An inspector may at any time enter any premises for the purpose of— (a) ascertaining whether a power conferred by or under this Act to cause an animal to be slaughtered should be exercised, or (b) doing anything in pursuance of the exercise of that power. (2) In this section and sections 62B and 62C premises includes any land, building or other place.

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62B Slaughter: warrants

(1) If a justice of the peace is satisfied on sworn information in writing that the first condition is satisfied and that the second or third condition is satisfied he may issue a warrant authorising an inspector to enter any premises, if necessary using reasonable force, for the purpose mentioned in section 62A. (2) The information must include— (a) a statement as to whether any representations have been made by the occupier of the land or premises to an inspector concerning the purpose for which the warrant is sought; (b) a summary of any such representations. (3) The first condition is that there are reasonable grounds for an inspector to enter the premises for that purpose. (4) The second condition is that each of the following applies to the occupier of the premises— (a) he has been informed of the decision to seek entry to the premises and of the reasons for that decision; (b) he has failed to allow entry to the premises on being requested to do so by an inspector; (c) he has been informed of the decision to apply for the warrant. (5) The third condition is that— (a) the premises are unoccupied or the occupier is absent and (in either case) notice of intention to apply for the warrant has been left in a conspicuous place on the premises, or (b) an application for admission to the premises or the giving of notice of intention to apply for the warrant would defeat the object of entering the premises. (6) A warrant issued under this section remains in force for one month starting with the date of its approval by the justice of the peace, which date shall be clearly visible on the warrant. (7) A warrant issued under this section must be executed only at a reasonable hour unless the inspector thinks that the case is one of urgency. (8) In relation to any premises to which entry is obtained by virtue of a warrant under this section the Secretary of State must retain for a period of not less than 12 months beginning with the day after entry— (a) a copy of the warrant; (b) a copy of any record of the steps taken to effect entry to the premises and the actions taken on the premises by the inspector and any other person entering the premises with him.

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62C Slaughter: supplementary

(1) This section applies to an inspector who enters any premises by virtue of section 62A or under a warrant issued under section 62B. (2) The inspector may take with him— (a) such other persons as he thinks necessary to give him such assistance as he thinks necessary; (b) such equipment as he thinks necessary. (3) The inspector may require any person on the premises who falls within subsection (4) to give him such assistance as he may reasonably require for the purpose mentioned in section 62A. (4) The following persons fall within this subsection— (a) the occupier of the premises; (b) a person appearing to the inspector to have charge of animals on the premises; (c) a person appearing to the inspector to be under the direction or control of a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b). (5) If the inspector enters any premises by virtue of a warrant issued under section 62B he must at the time of entry— (a) serve a copy of the warrant on the occupier of the premises, or (if the occupier is not on the premises) (b) leave a copy of the warrant in a conspicuous place on the premises. (6) If the inspector enters any unoccupied premises he must leave them as effectively secured against entry as he found them.

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62D Tests and samples: power of entry

(1) A veterinary inspector may at any time enter any premises for the purpose of ascertaining— (a) whether disease anti-bodies exist in animals on the premises; (b) whether any animal on the premises or which was kept there at any time is, or was at that time, infected with disease; (c) whether any causative agent of disease is present on the premises. (2) Disease is foot-and-mouth disease and such other disease as the Secretary of State may by order specify. (3) No order may be made under subsection (2) unless a draft of the order has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House. (4) Causative agent includes any virus, bacterium and any other organism or infectious substance which may cause or transmit disease. (5) In this section and sections 62E and 62F premises includes any land, building or other place.

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62E Tests and samples: warrants

(1) If a justice of the peace is satisfied on sworn information in writing that the first condition is satisfied and that the second or third condition is satisfied he may issue a warrant authorising a veterinary inspector to enter any premises, if necessary using reasonable force, for the purpose mentioned in section 62D. (2) The information must include— (a) a statement as to whether any representations have been made by the occupier of the land or premises to an inspector concerning the purpose for which the warrant is sought; (b) a summary of any such representations. (3) The first condition is that there are reasonable grounds for a veterinary inspector to enter the premises for that purpose. (4) The second condition is that each of the following applies to the occupier of the premises— (a) he has been informed of the decision to seek entry to the premises and of the reasons for that decision; (b) he has failed to allow entry to the premises on being requested to do so by an inspector; (c) he has been informed of the decision to apply for the warrant. (5) The third condition is that— (a) the premises are unoccupied or the occupier is absent and (in either case) notice of intention to apply for the warrant has been left in a conspicuous place on the premises, or (b) an application for admission to the premises or the giving of notice of intention to apply for the warrant would defeat the object of entering the premises. (6) A warrant issued under this section remains in force for one month starting with the date of its approval by the justice of the peace, which date shall be clearly visible on the warrant. (7) A warrant issued under this section must be executed only at a reasonable hour unless the inspector thinks that the case is one of urgency. (8) In relation to any premises to which entry is obtained by virtue of a warrant under this section the Secretary of State must retain for a period of not less than 12 months beginning with the day after entry— (a) a copy of the warrant; (b) a copy of any record of the steps taken to effect entry to the premises and the actions taken on the premises by the inspector and any other person entering the premises with him.

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62F Tests and samples: supplementary

(1) This section applies to a veterinary inspector who enters any premises by virtue of section 62D or under a warrant issued under section 62E. (2) The inspector may take with him— (a) such other persons as he thinks necessary to give him such assistance as he thinks necessary; (b) such equipment as he thinks necessary. (3) The inspector may take such samples (including samples from any animal on the premises) and carry out such tests as he thinks are necessary for the purpose mentioned in section 62D(1). (4) The inspector may require any person on the premises who falls within subsection (5) to give him such assistance as he may reasonably require for the purpose mentioned in section 62D(1). (5) The following persons fall within this subsection— (a) the occupier of the premises; (b) a person appearing to the inspector to have charge of animals on the premises; (c) a person appearing to the inspector to be under the direction or control of a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b). (6) If the inspector enters any unoccupied premises he must leave them as effectively secured against entry as he found them. (7) If the inspector enters any premises by virtue of a warrant issued under section 62E he must at the time of entry— (a) serve a copy of the warrant on the occupier of the premises, or (if the occupier is not on the premises) (b) leave a copy of the warrant in a conspicuous place on the premises. (8) A person commits an offence if— (a) he is required to give assistance under subsection (4), and (b) he fails to give it.

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62G Powers of entry etc.: Scotland

(1) An inspector may enter any premises in Scotland for the purpose of— (a) ascertaining whether a power of slaughter conferred by or under any provision mentioned in subsection (3) should be exercised; or (b) doing anything in pursuance of or in connection with the exercise of such a power. (2) A power of slaughter conferred by or under any provision mentioned in subsection (3) extends to the taking of any action for the purposes of or in connection with the exercise of the power. (3) The provisions are— (a) section 16B of; (b) section 32 of; (c) Schedule 3 to; (d) Schedule 3A to, this Act. (4) An inspector acting under subsection (1) must, if required, produce evidence of the inspector's authority. (5) Where any power of entry conferred on an inspector by this Act is exercised in relation to premises used exclusively as a dwelling-house, 24 hours' notice of the intended entry is to be given to the occupier unless the inspector thinks the case is one of urgency. (6) Any power of entry conferred on an inspector by this Act must be exercised at a reasonable hour unless the inspector thinks the case is one of urgency. (7) In this section and sections 62H and 62I, an “inspector” means— (a) a person appointed as an inspector for the purposes of this Act by the Scottish Ministers; or (b) a person authorised by the Scottish Ministers for those purposes. (8) In this section and sections 62H and 62I, “premises” includes— (a) any land or building; or (b) any other place, in particular— (i) a vehicle or vessel; or (ii) a tent or moveable structure.

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62H Warrants

(1) A sheriff or justice of the peace may issue a warrant authorising an inspector to enter (if necessary using reasonable force) any premises in Scotland for the purpose mentioned in subsection (2), if satisfied by evidence on oath that— (a) the first condition is satisfied; and (b) either the second or the third condition is satisfied. (2) The purpose is that of— (a) ascertaining whether a function of the Scottish Ministers or inspectors under this Act should be exercised; or (b) doing anything in pursuance of or in connection with the exercise of such a function. (3) The evidence must include— (a) a statement as to whether any representations have been made by the occupier of the premises to an inspector concerning the purpose for which the warrant is sought; (b) a summary of any such representations. (4) The first condition is that there are reasonable grounds for an inspector to enter the premises for that purpose. (5) The second condition is that each of the following applies— (a) the occupier has been informed of the decision to seek entry to the premises and of the reasons for that decision; (b) the occupier has failed to allow entry to the premises on being requested to do so by an inspector; and (c) the occupier has been informed of the intention to apply for the warrant. (6) The third condition is that— (a) the premises are unoccupied or the occupier appears to be absent and (in either case) notice of intention to apply for the warrant has been left in a conspicuous place on the premises; or (b) the object of entering would be defeated if the occupier were requested to allow entry or informed of an intention to apply for a warrant. (7) A warrant issued under this section must be executed at a reasonable hour unless the inspector thinks the case is one of urgency. (8) A warrant issued under this section remains in force for one month starting with the date of its grant.

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62I Entry and warrants: supplementary

(1) This section applies to an inspector who enters any premises by virtue of a power conferred on the inspector by or under this Act or under a warrant under section 62H. (2) The inspector may take on to the premises— (a) such other persons as the inspector thinks necessary to give the inspector such assistance as the inspector thinks necessary; (b) such equipment as the inspector thinks necessary. (3) The inspector may require any person on the premises who falls within subsection (4) to give the inspector such assistance as the inspector may reasonably require. (4) The following persons fall within this subsection— (a) the occupier of the premises; (b) a person appearing to the inspector to have charge of animals on the premises; (c) a person appearing to the inspector to be under the direction or control of a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b). (5) If the inspector enters any premises by virtue of a warrant issued under section 62H the inspector must at the time of entry— (a) serve a copy of the warrant on the occupier of the premises; or (b) if the occupier is not on the premises, leave a copy of the warrant in a conspicuous place on the premises. (6) If the inspector enters any unoccupied premises the inspector must leave them as effectively secured against entry as the inspector found them.

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63 General powers of inspectors.

(1) An inspector has— (a) for the purposes of this Act, but (b) with the exception of the powers conferred by sections 61 and 62 above, all the powers which a constable has, under this Act or otherwise, in the place where the inspector is acting. (2) An inspector may at any time enter any land or shed to which this Act applies, or other building or place where he has reasonable grounds for supposing— (a) that disease exists or has within 56 days existed; or (b) that the carcase of a diseased or suspected animal is or has been kept, or has been buried, destroyed, or otherwise disposed of; or (ba) that the carcase of an animal, bird or amphibian slaughtered by virtue of section 16B, Part 2B or Schedule 3A is or has been kept, or has been buried, destroyed, or otherwise disposed of; or (c) that there is to be found any pen, place, vehicle, or thing in respect of which any person has on any occasion failed to comply with the provisions of this Act, or of an order of the Minister, or of a regulation of the Scottish Ministers under this Act, or of a regulation of a local authority; or (d) that this Act or an order of the Minister or a regulation of the Scottish Ministers under this Act or a regulation of a local authority has not been or is not being complied with. (3) An inspector may at any time enter any pen, vehicle, vessel, boat or aircraft in which or in respect of which he has reasonable grounds for supposing that this Act or an order of the Minister or a regulation of the Scottish Ministers under this Act or a regulation of a local authority has not been or is not being complied with. (4) An inspector entering as authorised by the foregoing provisions of this section shall, if required by the owner, or occupier, or person in charge of the land, building, place, pen, vehicle, vessel, boat or aircraft state in writing his reasons for entering. (5) For the purpose of ascertaining whether the provisions of any order under section 10 above or the conditions of any licence issued in accordance with any such order are being complied with, an inspector may at any time enter— (a) any vessel, boat, aircraft or vehicle of any other description which is for the time being within the limits of a port, within the meaning of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979, or at a customs and excise airport, within the meaning of that Act; or (b) any vessel, boat or aircraft which does not fall within paragraph (a) above but which he has reasonable grounds for supposing has recently been brought into Great Britain. (6) Without prejudice to subsection (5) above, an inspector may at any time enter— (a) any land, building or other place, or (b) any vessel, boat, aircraft or vehicle of any other description, on or in which he has reasonable grounds for supposing that there is being or has been kept any animal or other thing which has been imported and the importation of which is for the time being prohibited or regulated by an order under section 10; and in this subsection “animals” and “imported” have the same meaning as in that section. (7) A certificate of a veterinary inspector to the effect that an animal , bird or amphibian is or was affected with a disease specified in the certificate shall, for the purposes of this Act, be conclusive evidence in all courts of justice of the matter certified. (7A) In subsection (7)— “ animal ” means any kind of mammal (except man); “disease” is not restricted by its definition in this Act. (8) An inspector of the Minister has all the powers of an inspector throughout Great Britain or that part for which he is appointed. (9) In addition to the powers conferred by this section upon inspectors, an inspector of the Minister may at any time, enter any land, building or other place, on or in which he has reasonable grounds for supposing that animals are or have been kept, for the purpose of ascertaining whether any disease exists there or has within 56 days existed there. This subsection does not have effect in relation to poultry. (10) An inspector acting under this section must, if required, produce evidence of the inspector's authority.

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64 Powers of inspectors as to poultry.

(1) An inspector of the Ministry and, if so authorised by an order of the Minister, an inspector of a local authority, may at any time enter any pen, shed, land or other place in which he has reasonable grounds for supposing that poultry are or have been kept, for the purpose of ascertaining whether disease exists or has existed in or on them. (2) For the purpose of enforcing any order for protecting poultry from unnecessary suffering, an inspector may examine— (a) poultry in any circumstances to which the order relates, and (b) any receptacle or vehicle used for their conveyance or exposure for sale, and he may enter any premises, vessel or aircraft in which he has reasonable ground for supposing that there are poultry— (i) exposed for sale; or (ii) in course of conveyance; or (iii) packed for conveyance or exposure for sale. (3) An inspector acting under this section must, if required, produce evidence of the inspector's authority.

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64A Powers of inspectors relating to assimilated law

In addition to the powers conferred by sections 63 and 64, an inspector (on producing, if required to do so, some duly authenticated document showing his authority) may at all reasonable hours— (a) enter— (i) any land, building, or other place, or (ii) any vessel, boat, aircraft, hovercraft or vehicle of any other description, for the purpose of ascertaining whether any assimilated law within an order made under this Act has been or is being complied with, and (b) carry out such inspections (including inspection of documents) as may be necessary for that purpose.

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65 Power to detain vessels and aircraft.

(1) Where an inspector of the Minister is satisfied that this Act or an order of the Minister or a regulation of the Scottish Ministers under this Act or a regulation of a local authority has not been or is not being complied with on board a vessel in port, then, on the inspector’s representation in writing to that effect, stating particulars of non-compliance, the vessel may be detained until the appropriate Minister otherwise directs. (2) The officer detaining the vessel shall forthwith deliver to the master or person in charge of the vessel a copy of the representation. (3) Section 284 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall apply in the case of such detention as if it were authorised or ordered under that Act. (4) In relation to aircraft the Ministers may— (a) by an order under this Act adapt that section of the 1995 Act as applied in the case of the detention of a vessel under this section; or (b) make such other provision instead of it as they think expedient.

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65A Inspection of vehicles

(1) If each of the conditions in subsection (2) is satisfied, an inspector may stop, detain and inspect any vehicle to ascertain whether the provisions of any of the following are being complied with— (a) this Act; (b) an order made under this Act; (c) a regulation of a local authority made in pursuance of such an order. (2) The conditions are— (a) that the vehicle is in a designated area in a designated period; (b) that the inspector is accompanied by a constable in uniform. (3) In subsection (2) “ designated ” means designated by an order made by the Secretary of State. (4) A vehicle includes— (a) a trailer, semi-trailer or other thing which is designed or adapted to be towed by another vehicle; (b) anything on a vehicle; (c) a detachable part of a vehicle; (d) a container or other structure designed or adapted to be carried by or on a vehicle.

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65B Inspection of vehicles: Scotland

(1) If each of the conditions in subsection (2) is satisfied, an inspector may stop, detain and inspect any vehicle to ascertain whether the provisions of any of the following are being complied with— (a) this Act; (b) an order under this Act; (c) a regulation of a local authority made in pursuance of such an order; (d) regulations made by the Scottish Ministers under this Act. (2) The conditions are— (a) that the vehicle is in an infected place or area; (b) that the inspector is accompanied by a constable in uniform. (3) In this section, a “vehicle” includes— (a) a trailer, a semi-trailer or other thing which is designed or adapted to be towed by another vehicle; (b) anything on a vehicle; (c) a detachable part of a vehicle; (d) a container or other structure designed or adapted to be carried by or on a vehicle.

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66 Refusal and obstruction.

A person is guilty of an offence against this Act who, without lawful authority or excuse, proof of which shall lie on him— (a) refuses to an inspector or other officer, acting in execution of this Act, or of an order of the Minister, or of regulations made by the Scottish Ministers under this Act, or of a regulation of a local authority, admission to any land, building, place, pen, vessel, boat, aircraft or vehicle of any other description which the inspector or officer is entitled to enter or examine; or (b) obstructs or impedes him in so entering or examining; or (c) otherwise in any respect obstructs or impedes an inspector or constable or other officer in the execution of his duty, or assists in any such obstructing or impeding.

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66A Refusal and obstruction of inspector

(1) A person commits an offence if without lawful authority or excuse (proof of which shall lie on him) he— (a) refuses admission to any premises to a person acting under section 62A above, (b) obstructs or impedes him in so acting, or (c) assists in any such obstruction or impeding. (2) A person commits an offence if— (a) he is required to give assistance under section 62C(3), and (b) he fails to give it.

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67 Issue of false licences etc.

A person is guilty of an offence against this Act— (a) who grants or issues a licence, certificate or instrument made or issued, or purporting to be made or issued under or for any purpose of this Act, or of an order of the Minister, or of a regulation of a local authority, which is false in any date or other material particular, unless he shows to the court’s satisfaction that he did not know of that falsity, and that he could not with reasonable diligence have obtained knowledge of it; or (b) who grants or issues such a licence, certificate or instrument not having, and knowing that he has not, lawful authority to grant or issue it.

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68 Issue of licences etc. in blank.

A person is guilty of an offence against this Act— (a) who, with intent unlawfully to evade or defeat this Act, or an order of the Minister, or a regulation of a local authority, grants or issues an instrument being in form a licence, certificate or instrument made or issued under this Act, or such an order or regulation, for permitting or regulating the movement of a particular animal, or the doing of any other particular thing, but being issued in blank, that is to say, not being before its issue so filled up as to specify any particular animal or thing; (b) who uses or offers or attempts to use for any purpose of this Act, or such an order or regulation, an instrument so issued in blank, unless he shows to the court’s satisfaction that he did not know of it having been so issued in blank, and that he could not with reasonable diligence have obtained knowledge of it.

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