Law

Education Act 1996

United Kingdom · statute

Ask the law about thisMore laws of United KingdomFor machines: Markdown

Open at the publisher →

In force since 2026-09-01, as the publisher states.

Copy read on 2026-11-08. The page it was read from

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.

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Contents: 725 provisions
  1. Title and introductory text
  2. 1 The stages of education.
  3. 2 Definition of primary, secondary and further education.
  4. 3 Definition of pupil etc.
  5. 4 Schools: general.
  6. 5 Primary schools, secondary schools and middle schools.
  7. 6 Nursery schools ... .
  8. 7 Duty of parents to secure education of children of compulsory school age.
  9. 8 Compulsory school age.
  10. 9 Pupils to be educated in accordance with parents’ wishes.
  11. 10 General duty of Secretary of State.
  12. 11 Duty in the case of primary, secondary and further education.
  13. 12 Local authorities and their areas.
  14. 13 General responsibility for education.
  15. 13A Duty to promote high standards and fulfilment of potential
  16. 14 Functions in respect of provision of primary and secondary schools.
  17. 14A Duty of local authority to consider parental representations
  18. 15 Functions in respect of provision of further education.
  19. 15ZA Duty in respect of education and training for persons over compulsory school age: England
  20. 15ZB Co-operation in performance of section 15ZA duty
  21. 15ZC Encouragement of education and training for persons over compulsory school age: England
  22. 15ZD Sections 15ZA to 15ZC: duty to have regard to guidance
  23. 15A Powers in respect of education and training for 16 to 18 year olds.
  24. 15B Functions in respect of education for persons over 19.
  25. 16 Power to establish, maintain and assist primary and secondary schools.
  26. 17 Powers in respect of nursery schools .
  27. 18 Power to arrange provision of education at non-maintained schools.
  28. 18A Provision of education for persons subject to youth detention
  29. 19 Exceptional provision of education in pupil referral units or elsewhere : England
  30. 19A Exceptional provision of education in pupil referral units or elsewhere: Wales
  31. 19B Schools to co-operate with local authority in securing adequate provision (England)
  32. 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  33. 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  34. 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  35. 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  36. 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  37. 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  38. 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  39. 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  40. 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  41. 29 Provision of information by local authorities.
  42. 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  43. 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  44. 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  45. 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  46. 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  47. 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  48. 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  49. 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  50. 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  51. 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  52. 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  53. 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  54. 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  55. 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  56. 44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  57. 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  58. 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  59. 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  60. 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  61. 49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  62. 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  63. 51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  64. 52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  65. 53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  66. 54 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  67. 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  68. 56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  69. 57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  70. 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  71. 59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  72. 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  73. 61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  74. 62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  75. 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  76. 64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  77. 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  93. 81 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  95. 83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  96. 84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  107. 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  108. 96 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  109. 97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  110. 98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  111. 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  112. 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  113. 127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  114. 128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  115. 129 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  116. 130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  119. 133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  120. 134 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  125. 139 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  126. 140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  127. 141 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  128. 142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  129. 143 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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  228. 242 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  229. 243 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  230. 244 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  231. 245 Special purpose grants.
  232. 246 Capital grants.
  233. 247 Imposition of requirements on governing body in receipt of grant.
  234. 248 Grants: further provisions.
  235. 249 Application of sections 250 to 254.
  236. 250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  237. 251 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  238. 252 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  239. 253 Imposition of requirements on governing body in receipt of grant.
  240. 254 Grants: further provisions.
  241. 255 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  242. 256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  243. 257 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  244. 258 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  245. 259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  246. 260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  247. 261 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  248. 262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  249. 263 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  250. 264 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  251. 265 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  252. 266 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  253. 267 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  254. 268 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  255. 269 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  256. 270 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  257. 271 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  258. 272 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  259. 273 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  260. 274 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  261. 275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  262. 276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  263. 277 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  264. 278 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  265. 279 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  266. 280 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  267. 281 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  268. 282 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  269. 283 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  270. 284 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  271. 285 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  272. 286 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  273. 287 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  274. 288 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  275. 289 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  276. 290 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  277. 291 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  278. 292 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  279. 293 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  280. 294 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  281. 295 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  282. 296 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  283. 297 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  284. 298 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  285. 299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  286. 300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  287. 301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  288. 302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  289. 303 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  290. 304 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  291. 305 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  292. 306 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  293. 306A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  294. 307 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  295. 307A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  296. 308 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  297. 309 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  298. 310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  299. 311 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  300. 311A Application of this Chapter: children in Wales
  301. 312 Meaning of “special educational needs” and “special educational provision” etc.
  302. 312A Children subject to detention
  303. 313 Code of Practice.
  304. 314 Making and approval of code.
  305. 315 Review of arrangements.
  306. 316 Duty to educate children with special educational needs in mainstream schools
  307. 316A Education otherwise than in mainstream schools
  308. 317 Duties of governing body or local authority in relation to pupils with special educational needs.
  309. 317A Duty to inform parent where special educational provision made
  310. 318 Provision of goods and services in connection with special educational needs.
  311. 319 Special educational provision otherwise than in schools.
  312. 320 Provision outside England and Wales for certain children.
  313. 321 General duty of local authority towards children for whom they are responsible.
  314. 322 Duty of certain bodies to help local authority.
  315. 323 Assessment of educational needs.
  316. 324 Statement of special educational needs.
  317. 325 Appeal against decision not to make statement.
  318. 326 Appeal against contents of statement.
  319. 326A Unopposed appeals
  320. 327 Access for local authority to certain schools.
  321. 328 Reviews of educational needs.
  322. 328A Appeal against determination of local authority in England not to amend statement following review
  323. 329 Assessment of educational needs at request of child’s parent.
  324. 329A Review or assessment of educational needs at request of responsible body
  325. 330
  326. 331 Assessment of educational needs of children under two.
  327. 332 Duty of Local Health Board or National Health Service trust to notify parent etc.
  328. 332ZA Right of a child to appeal to the ... Tribunal
  329. 332ZB Notice and service of documents on a child
  330. 332ZC Case friends ...
  331. 332A Advice and information for parents — England
  332. 332AA Advice and information ...
  333. 332B Resolution of disputes — England
  334. 332BA Resolution of disputes ...
  335. 332BB Independent advocacy services ...
  336. 332C Provision of information
  337. 332D Publication of information
  338. 332E Interpretation of sections 332C and 332D
  339. 333 Constitution of ... Tribunal.
  340. 334 The President and members of the panels.
  341. 335 Remuneration and expenses.
  342. 336 Tribunal procedure.
  343. 336ZA Special Educational Needs Tribunal for Wales
  344. 336ZB Appeals from the ... Tribunal to the Upper Tribunal
  345. 336A Compliance with orders
  346. 337 Special schools
  347. 337A Interpretation of Chapter
  348. 338 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  349. 339 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  350. 340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  351. 341 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  352. 342 Approval of non-maintained special schools.
  353. 342A Application to justice of the peace: power to make regulations
  354. 342B Appeal against decision of Secretary of State
  355. 342C Appeal against order of justice of peace
  356. 343 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  357. 344 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  358. 345 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  359. 346 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  360. 347 Approval of independent schools.
  361. 348 Provision of special education at non-maintained schools —Wales.
  362. 349 Variation of trust deeds etc. by order.
  363. 350 Meaning of “maintained school” etc. in Part V.
  364. 351 General duties in respect of the curriculum.
  365. 352 Basic curriculum for every maintained school.
  366. 353 The National Curriculum.
  367. 354 The core subjects and other foundation subjects.
  368. 355 The key stages.
  369. 356 Establishment of the National Curriculum by order.
  370. 357 Implementation of the National Curriculum in schools.
  371. 358 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  372. 359 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  373. 360 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  374. 361 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  375. 362 Development work and experiments.
  376. 363 Exceptions by regulations.
  377. 364 Pupils with statements of special educational needs.
  378. 365 Temporary exceptions for individual pupils.
  379. 366 Information concerning directions under section 365.
  380. 367 Appeals against directions under section 365 etc.
  381. 368 Procedure for making certain orders and regulations.
  382. 369 Programmes of research etc. in relation to Wales.
  383. 370 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  384. 371 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  385. 372 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  386. 373 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  387. 374 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  388. 375 Agreed syllabuses of religious education.
  389. 376 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  390. 377 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  391. 378 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  392. 379 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  393. 380 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  394. 381 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  395. 382 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  396. 383 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  397. 384 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  398. 385 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  399. 386 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  400. 387 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  401. 388 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  402. 389 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  403. 390 Constitution of advisory councils.
  404. 391 Functions of advisory councils.
  405. 392 Advisory councils: supplementary provisions.
  406. 393 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  407. 394 Determination of cases in which requirement for Christian collective worship is not to apply.
  408. 395 Review of determinations under section 394.
  409. 396 Power of Secretary of State to direct advisory council to revoke determination or discharge duty.
  410. 397 Religious education: access to meetings and documents.
  411. 398 No requirement of attendance at Sunday school etc.
  412. 399 Determination of question whether religious education in accordance with trust deed.
  413. 400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  414. 401 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  415. 402 Obligation to enter pupils for public examinations.
  416. 403 Sex education: manner of provision.
  417. 404 Sex education: statements of policy.
  418. 405 Exemption from sex education.
  419. 406 Political indoctrination.
  420. 407 Duty to secure balanced treatment of political issues.
  421. 408 Provision of information.
  422. 409 Complaints and enforcement: maintained schools in Wales.
  423. 410 Application of Part V in relation to nursery education.
  424. 411 Parental preferences.
  425. 411A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  426. 412 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  427. 413 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  428. 413A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  429. 413B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  430. 414 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  431. 415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  432. 416 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  433. 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  434. 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  435. 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  436. 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  437. 421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  438. 421A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  439. 422 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  440. 423 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  441. 423A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  442. 424 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  443. 425 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  444. 425A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  445. 425B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  446. 426 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  447. 426A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  448. 427 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  449. 428 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  450. 429 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  451. 430 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  452. 431 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  453. 432 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  454. 433 Time for admission of pupils.
  455. 434 Registration of pupils.
  456. 434A Local authority consent for withdrawal of certain children from school
  457. 434B Mandatory local authority meetings prior to withdrawal of child from school
  458. 435 Withdrawal of pupils from a primary school for secondary education.
  459. 436 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  460. 436A Duty to make arrangements to identify children not receiving education
  461. 436B Duty to register children not in school
  462. 436C Content and maintenance of registers
  463. 436E Provision of information to local authorities: education providers
  464. 436F Use of information in the register
  465. 436I School attendance orders
  466. 436S References to “regulations” and “prescribed”
  467. 436T Processing of information
  468. 437 School attendance orders.
  469. 438 Choice of school: child without EHC plan or statement of special educational needs , or an individual development plan which names a school.
  470. 439 Specification of schools in notices under section 438(2).
  471. 440 Amendment of order at request of parent: child without EHC plan or statement of special educational needs , or an individual development plan which names a school.
  472. 441 Choice of school: child with EHC plan or statement of special educational needs.
  473. 441A Choice of school: child with individual development plan which names a school
  474. 442 Revocation of order at request of parent.
  475. 443 Offence: failure to comply with school attendance order.
  476. 444 Offence: failure to secure regular attendance at school of registered pupil.
  477. 444ZA Application of section 444 to alternative educational provision
  478. 444A Penalty notice in respect of failure to secure regular attendance at school of registered pupil
  479. 444B Penalty notices: supplemental
  480. 445 Presumption of age.
  481. 446 Institution of proceedings.
  482. 447 Education supervision orders.
  483. 448 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  484. 449 Meaning of “maintained school” in Chapter III.
  485. 450 Prohibition of charges for admission.
  486. 451 Prohibition of charges for provision of education.
  487. 452 Application of section 451 where education is provided partly during and partly outside school hours etc.
  488. 453 Examinations: prohibition of charges and recovery of wasted fees.
  489. 454 Prohibition of incidental charges.
  490. 455 Permitted charges.
  491. 456 Regulation of permitted charges.
  492. 457 Charges and remissions policies.
  493. 458 Charges for board and lodging at boarding schools.
  494. 459 Provision of information.
  495. 460 Contributions and charges unaffected by Chapter III.
  496. 461 Recovery of sums as civil debt.
  497. 462 Interpretation of Chapter III.
  498. 463 Alteration to definition of “independent school”
  499. 464 Separate registration for England and for Wales.
  500. 465 Provisional and final registration of a school.
  501. 466 Enforcement of registration: offences.
  502. 467 Provision of information about registered and provisionally registered schools.
  503. 468 School may be struck off for contravention of regulations about employment of teachers.
  504. 469 Notice of complaint by Secretary of State.
  505. 470 Determination of complaint by an Independent Schools Tribunal.
  506. 471 Determination of complaint by Secretary of State.
  507. 472 Effect of personal disqualification.
  508. 473 Enforcement of disqualification.
  509. 473A Removal of disqualification: persons no longer unsuitable to work with children.
  510. 473B Conditions for application under section 473A.
  511. 474 Removal of disqualification: other cases.
  512. 475 Duty of Registrar to comply with order for the deletion of a school from the register.
  513. 476 Constitution and proceedings of Independent Schools Tribunals.
  514. 477 Disqualification in Scotland.
  515. 478 Offences: institution of proceedings and punishment.
  516. 479 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  517. 480 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  518. 481 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  519. 482 Academies
  520. 483 City colleges: financial provisions.
  521. 483A City colleges and academies: special educational needs and additional learning needs.
  522. 484 Education standards grants.
  523. 485 Grants in aid of educational services or research.
  524. 486 Grants to bodies whose objects are promotion of learning or research.
  525. 487 Grants for education in Welsh.
  526. 488 Grants for education of travellers and displaced persons.
  527. 489 Conditions as to payment of grants under sections 484 to 488.
  528. 490 Grants in respect of special provision for ethnic minorities.
  529. 491 Payment of school fees and expenses.
  530. 492 Recoupment: adjustment between local authorities.
  531. 493 Recoupment: cross-border provisions.
  532. 494 Recoupment: excluded pupils.
  533. 495 Determination of disputes.
  534. 496 Power to prevent unreasonable exercise of functions.
  535. 497 General default powers.
  536. 497A Power to secure proper performance of local authority’s education functions .
  537. 497AA Power to secure proper performance: duty of authority where directions contemplated
  538. 497B Power to secure proper performance: further provisions.
  539. 497C Academies: power to secure performance of proprietor’s duties
  540. 498 Powers where no properly constituted governing body.
  541. 499 Power to direct appointment of members of education committees.
  542. 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  543. 501 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  544. 502 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  545. 503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  546. 504 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  547. 505 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  548. 506 Power to require medical examination of pupils.
  549. 507 Power to direct local inquiries.
  550. 507A Local authorities in England: functions in respect of recreational and training facilities for children under 13
  551. 507B Local authorities in England: functions in respect of leisure-time activities etc for persons aged 13 to 19 and certain persons aged 20 to 24
  552. 508 Local authorities in Wales: functions in respect of facilities for recreation and social and physical training.
  553. 508A Local authorities in England: duty to promote sustainable modes of travel etc
  554. 508B Local authorities in England: travel arrangements for eligible children
  555. 508C Local authorities in England: travel arrangements etc for other children
  556. 508D Guidance etc in relation to sections 508B and 508C
  557. 508E Local authorities in England: school travel schemes
  558. 508F Local authorities in England: provision of transport etc for adult learners
  559. 508G Local authorities in England: transport policy statements etc for young adults subject to learning difficulty assessment
  560. 508H Guidance: sections 508F and 508G
  561. 508I Complaints about transport arrangements etc for young adult for whom EHC plan is maintained: England
  562. 509 LEAs in Wales: provision of transport etc.
  563. 509AA Local authorities in England: provision of transport etc. for persons of sixth form age
  564. 509AB Local authorities in England: further provision about transport policy statements for persons of sixth form age
  565. 509AC Interpretation of sections 509AA and 509AB
  566. 509AD Local authorities in England: duty to have regard to religion or belief in exercise of travel functions
  567. 509AE Complaints about transport arrangements etc for persons of sixth form age in England
  568. 509A Local authorities in England: travel arrangements for children receiving early years education otherwise than at school.
  569. 510 Provision of clothing.
  570. 511 Provisions supplementary to section 510.
  571. 512 Local authorityfunctions concerning provision of meals, etc.
  572. 512ZA Power to charge for meals etc.
  573. 512ZB Provision of free school lunches and milk
  574. 512ZC Protection of identity of pupils receiving free school lunches or milk
  575. 512A Transfer of functions under section 512 to governing bodies.
  576. 512B Provision of school lunches: Academies
  577. 512C School food standards: Academies
  578. 513 Provision of meals etc. at schools not maintained by local authorities.
  579. 514 Provision of board and lodging otherwise than at school.
  580. 514A Provision of boarding accommodation for person for whom an EHC plan is maintained
  581. 515 Provision of teaching services for day nurseries.
  582. 516 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  583. 517 Payment of fees at schools not maintained by a local authority.
  584. 518 Payment of school expenses; grant of scholarships, etc.
  585. 519 Travelling and subsistence allowances for governors of schools and further or higher education institutions.
  586. 520 Medical inspection and treatment of pupils.
  587. 521 Examination of pupils for cleanliness.
  588. 522 Compulsory cleansing of a pupil.
  589. 523 Arrangements for cleansing of pupils.
  590. 524 Suspension of a pupil pending examination or cleansing.
  591. 525 Offence of neglecting the cleanliness of a pupil.
  592. 526 Powers as to educational research.
  593. 527 Powers as to educational conferences.
  594. 527A Duty of local authority to prepare plan relating to children with behavioural difficulties.
  595. 528 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  596. 529 Power to accept gifts on trust for educational purposes.
  597. 530 Compulsory purchase of land.
  598. 531 Acquisition of land by agreement.
  599. 532 Appointment of chief education officer.
  600. 533 Functions of governing bodies of maintained schools with respect to provision of school meals etc.
  601. 534 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  602. 535 Provision of teaching services for day nurseries.
  603. 536 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  604. 537 Power of Secretary of State to require information from governing bodies etc.
  605. 537A Provision of information about individual pupils.
  606. 537B Provision of information about children receiving funded education outside school
  607. 537C Disclosure of information by or to principal regulators of exempt charities
  608. 538 Provision of information to Secretary of State by governing bodies of maintained schools.
  609. 538A Power to direct participation in international surveys
  610. 539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  611. 540 Distribution of information about schools providing secondary education.
  612. 541 Distribution of information about further education institutions.
  613. 542 Prescribed standards for school premises.
  614. 543 Relaxation of prescribed standards in special cases.
  615. 544 Approval etc. of school premises and boarding hostels.
  616. 545 Exemption from building byelaws of approved buildings.
  617. 546 Control of potentially harmful materials and apparatus in schools.
  618. 547 Nuisance or disturbance on school premises.
  619. 548 No right to give corporal punishment.
  620. 549 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  621. 550 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  622. 550A Power of members of staff to restrain pupils.
  623. 550ZA Power of members of staff to search pupils for prohibited items: England
  624. 550ZB Power of search under section 550ZA: supplementary
  625. 550ZC Power to seize items found during search under section 550ZA
  626. 550ZD Section 550ZC: supplementary
  627. 550AA Power of members of staff to search pupils for weapons : Wales
  628. 550B Detention outside school hours lawful despite absence of parental consent.
  629. 550C Guidance on use of mobile phones etc in schools in England
  630. 551 Regulations as to duration of school day etc.
  631. 551ZA School uniforms: limits on branded items
  632. 551A Guidance about the costs of school uniforms: England
  633. 551B Free breakfast club provision in primary schools in England
  634. 552
  635. 553 Schemes under the Endowed Schools Acts.
  636. 554 Power to make new provision as to use of endowments.
  637. 555 Procedure applicable to orders under section 554.
  638. 556 Content of orders under section 554.
  639. 557 Adoption of statutory trusts.
  640. 558 Meaning of “child” for purposes of enactments relating to employment of children or young persons.
  641. 559 Power of local authorities to prohibit or restrict employment of children.
  642. 560 Work experience in last year of compulsory schooling.
  643. 560A Work experience for persons over compulsory school age: England
  644. 561 Act not to apply to persons in service of the Crown.
  645. 562 Act not to apply to certain persons detained under order of a court.
  646. 562A Application of Act to detained persons
  647. 562B Duty to take steps to promote fulfilment of potential
  648. 562C Detained persons with statement of special educational needs
  649. 562D Appropriate special educational provision: arrangements between local authorities
  650. 562E Literacy and numeracy assessments
  651. 562F Provision of information about detained persons
  652. 562G Information to be provided where statement of special educational needs previously maintained
  653. 562H Release of detained person appearing to host authority to require assessment
  654. 562I Guidance
  655. 562J Interpretation of Chapter
  656. 563 Educational records.
  657. 564 Certificates of birth and registrars’ returns.
  658. 565 Evidence: presumption as to age.
  659. 566 Evidence: documents.
  660. 567 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  661. 568 Orders.
  662. 569 Regulations.
  663. 569A Regulations made by Welsh Ministers under Chapter 5A
  664. 570 Revocation and variation of certain orders and directions.
  665. 571 Publication of guidance.
  666. 572 Service of notices and other documents.
  667. 573 Meaning of expressions relating to alteration etc. of premises or character of schools.
  668. 574 Changes to school not amounting to discontinuance etc.
  669. 575
  670. 576 Meaning of “parent”.
  671. 577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  672. 578 Meaning of “the Education Acts”.
  673. 579 General interpretation.
  674. 580 Index.
  675. 581 Application to Isles of Scilly.
  676. 582 Consequential amendments, repeals, transitional provisions etc.
  677. 583 Short title, commencement and extent.
  678. SCHEDULE 1 Pupil referral units
  679. SCHEDULE 2
  680. SCHEDULE 3
  681. SCHEDULE 4
  682. SCHEDULE 5
  683. SCHEDULE 6
  684. SCHEDULE 7
  685. SCHEDULE 8
  686. SCHEDULE 9
  687. SCHEDULE 10
  688. SCHEDULE 11 Contents of statements under section 122(2) and section 124(1)
  689. SCHEDULE 12 Financial delegation and new schools
  690. SCHEDULE 13 Staffing of county, controlled, special agreement and maintained special schools
  691. SCHEDULE 14
  692. SCHEDULE 15
  693. SCHEDULE 16
  694. SCHEDULE 17 Governors’ annual reports
  695. SCHEDULE 18 Annual parents’ meetings
  696. SCHEDULE 19 Conduct and staffing of new county, voluntary and maintained special schools
  697. SCHEDULE 20
  698. SCHEDULE 21
  699. SCHEDULE 22 Governing bodies of grant-maintained schools
  700. SCHEDULE 23 Content of articles of government for grant-maintained schools
  701. SCHEDULE 24 Categories of governors
  702. SCHEDULE 25 Core governors for groups
  703. Schedule 25A Appeals against exclusion of pupils from grant-maintained schools
  704. SCHEDULE 26 Making of assessments under section 323
  705. SCHEDULE 27 Making and maintenance of statements under section 324
  706. SCHEDULE 28
  707. SCHEDULE 29
  708. SCHEDULE 30
  709. SCHEDULE 31 Agreed syllabuses of religious education
  710. Schedule 31A Failure to provide information under section 436E: monetary penalties
  711. SCHEDULE 32
  712. SCHEDULE 33
  713. Schedule 33A
  714. Schedule 33B
  715. SCHEDULE 34 Independent Schools Tribunals
  716. SCHEDULE 35
  717. SCHEDULE 35B Meaning of “eligible child” for purposes of section 508B
  718. SCHEDULE 35C School Travel Schemes
  719. SCHEDULE 36 Uniform statutory trusts for educational endowments
  720. SCHEDULE 36A Education functions
  721. SCHEDULE 37 Consequential amendments
  722. SCHEDULE 38 Repeals and revocations
  723. SCHEDULE 39 Transitional provisions and savings
  724. SCHEDULE 40
  725. TABLE OF DERIVATIONS

Proposed changes to this act

No one has proposed a change to this act yet.

725 provisions

446 Institution of proceedings.

Proceedings for an offence under section 443 or 444 shall not be instituted except by a local authority.

Propose a change

447 Education supervision orders.

(1) Before instituting proceedings for an offence under section 443 or 444, a local authority shall consider whether it would be appropriate (instead of or as well as instituting the proceedings) to apply for an education supervision order with respect to the child. (2) The court— (a) by which a person is convicted of an offence under section 443, or (b) before which a person is charged with an offence under section 444, may direct the local authority instituting the proceedings to apply for an education supervision order with respect to the child unless the authority ... decide that the child’s welfare will be satisfactorily safeguarded even though no education supervision order is made. (2A) A local authority may not make a decision as mentioned in subsection (2) unless— (a) they are the appropriate local authority, or (b) they have consulted that authority. (3) Where, following a direction under subsection (2), a local authority decide not to apply for an education supervision order, they shall inform the court of the reasons for their decision. (4) Unless the court has directed otherwise, the information required under subsection (3) shall be given to the court before the end of the period of eight weeks beginning with the date on which the direction was given. (5) Where— (a) a local authority apply for an education supervision order with respect to a child who is the subject of a school attendance order, and (b) the court decides that section 36(3) of the Children Act 1989 (education supervision orders) prevents it from making the order, the court may direct that the school attendance order shall cease to be in force. (6) In this section— “the appropriate local authority” has the same meaning as in section 36(9) of the Children Act 1989, and “education supervision order” means an education supervision order under that Act.

Propose a change

448 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Propose a change

449 Meaning of “maintained school” in Chapter III.

In this Chapter “maintained school” means any school maintained by a local authority .

Propose a change

450 Prohibition of charges for admission.

(1) No charge shall be made in respect of admission to a maintained school. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to the admission of any person to any maintained school for the purpose of— (a) part-time education suitable to the requirements of persons of any age over compulsory school age; (b) full-time education suitable to the requirements of persons who have attained the age of 19; or (c) training for members of the school workforce. (3) In subsection (2)(c), the reference to training for members of the school workforce is to be read in accordance with sections 96(1) and 100 of the Education Act 2005.

Propose a change

451 Prohibition of charges for provision of education.

(1) ... This section applies in relation to education provided at any maintained school for a registered pupil at the school. (2) Where the education is provided for the pupil during school hours no charge shall be made in respect of it. (2A) Regulations may, in relation to England, prescribe circumstances in which subsection (2) does not apply in relation to education which is early years provision (as defined by section 20 of the Childcare Act 2006) other than — (a) early years provision provided in pursuance of the duty imposed by section 7 of that Act, ... (b) early years provision for a pupil who is of compulsory school age. or (c) early years provision provided under arrangements made by a local authority in pursuance of any duty imposed under section 2 of the Childcare Act 2016 (whether or not the local authority provides the early years provision). (3) Subsection (2) does not apply in relation to tuition in playing a musical instrument where the tuition is provided either individually or to a group of not more than four pupils, unless the tuition is— (a) required as part of a syllabus for a prescribed public examination which is a syllabus for which the pupil is being prepared at the school, or (b) provided in pursuance of a duty imposed by or under the Curriculum and Assessment (Wales) Act 2021. Regulations may prescribe circumstances in which subsection (2) does not apply in relation to tuition in singing or in playing a musical instrument. (4) Where the education is provided for the pupil outside school hours no charge shall be made in respect of it if it is— (a) required as part of a syllabus for a prescribed public examination which is a syllabus for which the pupil is being prepared at the school, or (b) provided in pursuance of a duty imposed by section 88 ... of the Education Act 2002 or section 69 of the School Standards and Framework Act 1998 or (c) provided in pursuance of the duty imposed by section 7 of the Childcare Act 2006 , or (d) provided in pursuance of a duty imposed by or under the Curriculum and Assessment (Wales) Act 2021. (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Propose a change

452 Application of section 451 where education is provided partly during and partly outside school hours etc.

(1) Where a period allowed for any educational activity at a maintained school falls partly during school hours and partly outside school hours, then— (a) if 50 per cent. or more of the time occupied by that period together with any connected school travelling time falls during school hours, so much of the education provided during that period as is provided outside school hours shall be treated for the purposes of section 451 as provided during school hours, and (b) in any other case, so much of the education provided during that period as is provided during school hours shall be treated for those purposes as provided outside school hours. (2) In subsection (1) “connected school travelling time” means time spent during school hours by the pupils taking part in the educational activity concerned in getting to or from the place where the activity takes place. (3) Where any education provided at a maintained school is provided on a residential trip, then— (a) if the number of school sessions taken up by the trip is equal to or greater than 50 per cent. of the number of half days spent on the trip, any education provided on the trip which is provided outside school hours shall be treated for the purposes of section 451 as provided during school hours, and (b) in any other case, any education provided on the trip which is provided during school hours shall be treated for those purposes as provided outside school hours. (4) In this section “half day” means any period of 12 hours ending with noon or midnight on any day. (5) For the purposes of subsection (3)— (a) where 50 per cent. or more of a half day is spent on a residential trip, the whole of that half day shall be treated as spent on the trip, and (b) a school session on any day on which such a session takes place at the school concerned shall be treated as taken up by a residential trip if the time spent on the trip occupies 50 per cent. or more of the time allowed for that session at the school. (6) Nothing in section 451 shall be read as prohibiting the making of a charge in respect of board and lodging provided for a registered pupil at a maintained school on a residential trip.

Propose a change

453 Examinations: prohibition of charges and recovery of wasted fees.

(1) No charge shall be made in respect of the entry of a registered pupil at a maintained school for a prescribed public examination in any syllabus for that examination for which the pupil has been prepared at the school. (2) Despite subsection (1), where— (a) the governing body of a maintained school or the local authority have paid or are liable to pay a fee in respect of the entry of a registered pupil at the school for a public examination in any syllabus for that examination, and (b) the pupil fails without good reason to meet any examination requirement for that syllabus, that body or authority may recover the amount of the fee from the pupil’s parent. (3) It shall be for the body or authority who have paid or are liable to pay the fee in question to determine for the purposes of this section any question whether a pupil who has failed to meet an examination requirement had good reason for the failure.

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454 Prohibition of incidental charges.

(1) Neither the parent of a registered pupil at a maintained school nor the pupil himself shall be required to pay for or supply any materials, books, instruments or other equipment for use for the purposes of or in connection with— (a) education provided for the pupil at the school in respect of which, by virtue of section 451, no charge may be made, or (b) a syllabus for a prescribed public examination which is a syllabus for which the pupil has been prepared at the school. (2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall prevent the parent of a pupil from being required to pay for or supply any materials for use for the purposes of the production, in the course of the provision of education for the pupil at the school, of any article incorporating those materials, where the parent has indicated before that requirement is made that he wishes the article to be owned by him or by the pupil. (3) No charge shall be made in respect of transport provided for a registered pupil at a maintained school where the transport is either— (a) incidental to education provided for the pupil at the school in respect of which, by virtue of section 451, no charge may be made, or (b) provided for the purpose of enabling him to meet any examination requirement for any syllabus for a prescribed public examination which is a syllabus for which he has been prepared at the school. (4) For the purposes of subsection (3)(a) transport is incidental to education provided for registered pupils at a school if it is provided for the purpose of carrying such pupils— (a) to or from any part of the school premises in which education is provided for those pupils, from or to any other part of those premises, or (b) to or from any place outside the school premises in which education is provided for those pupils under arrangements made by or on behalf of the governing body or the local authority, from or to the school premises or any other such place.

Propose a change

455 Permitted charges.

(1) Subject to subsection (2), a charge may be made in respect of— (a) education provided for a registered pupil at a maintained school other than education in respect of which, by virtue of section 451, no charge may be made, (b) the entry of a registered pupil at a maintained school for a public examination in any syllabus for that examination otherwise than in circumstances in which, by virtue of section 453(1), no charge may be made, (ba) travel arrangements provided under section 6 of the Learner Travel (Wales) Measure 2008 (“the Measure”) for a registered pupil at a maintained school in Wales, other than arrangements in respect of which, by virtue of section 454(3) of this Act or sections 3 or 4 of the Measure, no charge may be made, (c) transport provided for a registered pupil at a maintained school in England other than transport in respect of which, by virtue of section 454(3) or 508B(1), 508F(3) ..., or section 508E(2)(d) and paragraph 5(2) of Schedule 35C, , no charge may be made, and (d) board and lodging provided for a registered pupil at a maintained school on a residential trip. (2) A charge may not be made— (a) by virtue of subsection (1)(a) in respect of the provision for a pupil of education, (b) by virtue of subsection (1)(b) in respect of the entry of a pupil for an examination in any syllabus for that examination, ... (ba) by virtue of subsection (1)(ba) in respect of the provision for a pupil of travel arrangements, or (c) by virtue of subsection (1)(c) in respect of the provision for a pupil of transport, unless the education is provided, the pupil is entered for the examination in that syllabus, or the transport is provided, by agreement with the pupil’s parent. (3) Any education, examination entry travel arrangements, or transport in respect of which a charge may be made by virtue of subsection (1) is referred to in this Chapter as an “optional extra”.

Propose a change

456 Regulation of permitted charges.

(1) This section applies in relation to any charge permitted under section 455 . . .; and a charge to which this section applies is referred to in this section as a “regulated charge”. (2) The amount of any regulated charge shall be payable by the parent of the pupil concerned. (3) A regulated charge , except any charge permitted by virtue of section 455(1)(ba), shall not exceed the cost of the provision of the optional extra or the board and lodging in question. (4) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (3), the cost of the provision of an optional extra includes costs, or an appropriate proportion of the costs— (a) incurred in respect of the provision of any materials, books, instruments or other equipment used for the purposes of or in connection with the provision of the optional extra, or (aa) attributable to the provision of the buildings and accommodation used in connection with the provision of the optional extra, or (b) attributable to the provision of non-teaching staff for any purpose connected with the provision of the optional extra, or (c) attributable to the provision of teaching staff engaged under contracts for services for the purpose of providing it. (5) Subject to subsections (6) and (6A) , the cost of the provision of an optional extra shall not be taken to include any costs attributable to the provision of teaching staff other than staff engaged as mentioned in subsection (4)(c). (6) Where the optional extra in question consists of tuition in singing or in playing a musical instrument, the cost of its provision shall include costs, or an appropriate proportion of the costs, attributable to the provision of teaching staff employed for the purpose of providing the tuition. (6A) Where the optional extra in question consists of education which is early years provision (as defined by section 20 of the Childcare Act 2006), the cost of its provision includes the costs, or an appropriate proportion of the costs, attributable to the provision of teaching staff employed for the purpose of providing the education. (7) Where charging is permitted under section 455 and the charge would be a regulated charge, the question whether any charge should be made, and the amount of any charge to be made, shall be determined— (a) in a case where the cost of the provision of the optional extra or board and lodging in question is met by or from funds at the disposal of the governing body, by the governing body, and (b) in any other case, by the local authority. (8) The whole or any part of the amount of any charge which the local authority determine under subsection (7)(b) to make— (a) shall, if the governing body so determine, be met by or from funds at the disposal of the governing body, and (b) to the extent that it is so met, shall not be payable by the parent of the pupil concerned.

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457 Charges and remissions policies.

(1) Every governing body of a maintained school and every local authority shall determine and keep under review a policy with respect to— (a) the provision of, and (b) the classes or descriptions of case in which they propose to make charges for, any optional extra or board and lodging in respect of which charges are permitted by section 455. . . . (2) No such body or authority shall make such a charge unless they have both— (a) determined a policy under subsection (1)(b) (their “charging policy”), and (b) determined a policy (their “remissions policy”) setting out any circumstances in which they propose to remit (in whole or in part) any charge which would otherwise be payable to them in accordance with their charging policy. (3) A remissions policy determined by the governing body of a school . . . shall set out any circumstances in which the governing body propose to meet (in whole or in part) any charge payable to the local authority, in accordance with the authority’s charging policy, for an optional extra or board and lodging provided for a registered pupil at the school. (4) A remissions policy shall provide for complete remission of any charges otherwise payable in respect of board and lodging provided for a pupil on a residential trip if— (a) the education provided on the trip is education in respect of which, by virtue of section 451, no charge may be made, and (b) the pupil’s parent is— (ai) in receipt of universal credit in such circumstances as may be prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph, (i) in receipt of income support, (ii) in receipt of an income-based jobseeker’s allowance (payable under the Jobseekers Act 1995), or (iia) in receipt of an income-related employment and support allowance, (iii) in receipt of any other benefit or allowance, or entitled to any tax credit under the Tax Credits Act 2002 or element of such a tax credit, prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph, in such circumstances as may be so prescribed, in respect of any period wholly or partly comprised in the time spent on the trip. (5) A remissions policy shall be kept under review by the governing body or local authority by whom it was determined.

Propose a change

458 Charges for board and lodging at boarding schools.

(1) Subject to subsections (2) to (5) and section 49 of the Additional Learning Needs and Education Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018, where a registered pupil at a maintained school is provided at the school with board and lodging, there shall be payable in respect of the board and lodging by the parent of the pupil concerned, to the local authority, charges not exceeding the cost to the authority . . . of providing the board and lodging. (2) Where— (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (b) the local authority for that pupil’s area are of the opinion that education suitable to his age, ability and aptitude and to any special educational needs he may have cannot otherwise be provided for him, then, where the school is maintained by the local authority for his area, that authority shall remit the whole of the charges payable under this section and, in any other case, that authority shall pay the whole of the charges payable under this section to the authority which maintain the school. (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) Where the local authority for the pupil’s area are satisfied that payment of the full charges payable under this section would involve financial hardship to the parent of the pupil concerned, the authority— (a) in the case of charges payable to the authority, shall remit so much of those charges as falls in accordance with subsection (5) to be so remitted, and (b) in the case of charges payable to another local authority . . . in respect of board and lodging, shall pay so much of those charges as falls in accordance with subsection (5) to be so paid. (5) The amount that falls to be remitted or paid by a local authority by virtue of subsection (4)(a) or (b) is— (a) such part of the charges in question as the authority consider ought not to be paid by the pupil’s parent in order to avoid such hardship as is mentioned in subsection (4), or (b) the whole of those charges if, in their opinion, such hardship cannot otherwise be avoided. (6) In its application to a local authority in Wales, references in this section to special educational needs are to be interpreted as references to additional learning needs.

Propose a change

459 Provision of information.

Regulations may require, in relation to every maintained school, the local authority, the governing body or the head teacher to make available either generally or to prescribed persons, in such form and manner and at such times as may be prescribed— (a) such information relevant for the purposes of this Chapter as to the school hours at the school, and (b) such information as to the policies determined under section 457 which apply in relation to the school, as may be prescribed.

Propose a change

460 Contributions and charges unaffected by Chapter III.

(1) Nothing in this Chapter shall be read as prohibiting or in any way restricting or regulating any request or invitation by or on behalf of the governing body of a maintained school or a local authority for voluntary contributions for the benefit of the school or any school activities. (2) Any request or invitation made by or on behalf of such a body or authority for contributions for the benefit of a school or school activities shall not be regarded for the purposes of subsection (1) as a request or invitation for voluntary contributions unless it is clear from the terms in which it is made— (a) that there is no obligation to make any contribution, and (b) that registered pupils at the school will not be treated differently according to whether or not their parents have made any contribution in response to the request or invitation. (3) Nothing in this Chapter relating to charges in respect of a registered pupil at a maintained school shall be read as relating to— (a) charges made by persons other than the governing body or the local authority, or (b) charges to be paid by persons other than the parent of the pupil or the pupil himself.

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461 Recovery of sums as civil debt.

Any sum payable under section 453(2), 455 or 458 by the parent of a registered pupil at a maintained school shall be recoverable summarily as a civil debt.

Propose a change

462 Interpretation of Chapter III.

(1) In this Chapter— “equipment” does not include clothing; “examination requirement”, in relation to a syllabus for an examination, means a requirement which a pupil must meet in order to qualify for assessment for the purposes of determining his achievements in that examination in that syllabus. (2) In this Chapter “residential trip” means any trip— (a) which is arranged for registered pupils at a maintained school by or on behalf of the governing body or the local authority, and (b) which requires the pupils taking part to spend one or more nights away from their usual overnight accommodation. (3) For the purposes of this Chapter, a pupil shall be regarded as having been prepared at a school for a syllabus for a prescribed public examination if any part of the education provided with a view to preparing him for that examination in that syllabus has been provided for him at that school. (4) In this Chapter references to a public examination (or a prescribed public examination) are references to such an examination as it applies in relation to persons who are entered for a syllabus for that examination with a view to meeting the examination requirements for that syllabus so as to qualify for assessment for the purposes of determining their achievements in that examination on any particular occasion in any year when an assessment takes place. (5) For the purposes of subsection (4)— (a) “an assessment” means an assessment for the purposes of determining the achievements of persons entered for the examination in question; and (b) such an assessment is to be regarded as taking place on any occasion on which it is determined in relation to each person entered for any syllabus in that examination who has met the examination requirements for that syllabus— (i) whether he has passed or failed, and (ii) if grades are assigned for the purposes of the examination, the grade to be assigned in his case.

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463 Alteration to definition of “independent school”

(1) In this Act “independent school” means any school at which full-time education is provided for— (a) five or more pupils of compulsory school age, or (b) at least one pupil of that age for whom an EHC plan is maintained or for whom a statement is maintained under section 324 or an individual development plan is maintained, or who is looked after by a local authority (within the meaning of section 22 of the Children Act 1989 or section 74 of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014), and which is not a school maintained by a local authority non-maintained special school. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(a) and (b) it is immaterial if full-time education is also provided at the school for pupils under or over compulsory school age.

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464 Separate registration for England and for Wales.

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465 Provisional and final registration of a school.

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466 Enforcement of registration: offences.

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467 Provision of information about registered and provisionally registered schools.

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468 School may be struck off for contravention of regulations about employment of teachers.

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469 Notice of complaint by Secretary of State.

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470 Determination of complaint by an Independent Schools Tribunal.

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471 Determination of complaint by Secretary of State.

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472 Effect of personal disqualification.

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473 Enforcement of disqualification.

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473A Removal of disqualification: persons no longer unsuitable to work with children.

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473B Conditions for application under section 473A.

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474 Removal of disqualification: other cases.

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475 Duty of Registrar to comply with order for the deletion of a school from the register.

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476 Constitution and proceedings of Independent Schools Tribunals.

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477 Disqualification in Scotland.

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478 Offences: institution of proceedings and punishment.

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479 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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480 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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481 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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482 Academies

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483 City colleges: financial provisions.

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