Law

School Standards and Framework Act 1998

United Kingdom · statute

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In force since 2026-09-01, as the publisher states.

Copy read on 2026-11-08. The page it was read from

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.

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Contents: 244 provisions
  1. Title and introductory text
  2. 1 Duty to set limit on infant class sizes.
  3. 2 Plans by LEAs for reducing infant class sizes.
  4. 3 Payment of grant in connection with reductions in infant class sizes.
  5. 4 Interpretation of Chapter I.
  6. 5 Duty of LEAs to promote high standards in primary and secondary education.
  7. 6 Preparation of education development plans.
  8. 7 Approval, modification and review of statement of proposals.
  9. 8 Reserve power of Secretary of State to secure proper performance of local authority's functions.
  10. 9 Education committees to include representatives of parent governors.
  11. 10 Establishment of education action zones.
  12. 11 Establishment of Education Action Forum for zone.
  13. 11A Constitution of Education Action Forum
  14. 11B Expansion of zone
  15. 11C Removal from zone
  16. 11D Information relating to a Forum and its zone
  17. 12 Functions of Education Action Forum.
  18. 13 Disapplication of pay and conditions order in relation to teachers at participating schools.
  19. 14 Powers of intervention exercisable by local authorities.
  20. 15 Cases where local authority may exercise powers of intervention.
  21. 16 Power of local authority to appoint additional governors.
  22. 16A Power of local authority to provide for governing body to consist of interim executive members
  23. 17 Power of local authority to suspend right to delegated budget.
  24. 18 Power of Assembly to appoint additional governors.
  25. 18A Power of Assembly to provide for governing body to consist of interim executive members
  26. 19 Power of Assembly to direct closure of school.
  27. 19ZA Power of Welsh Ministers to direct local authority to give warning notice: teachers' pay and conditions
  28. 19A Governing bodies consisting of interim executive members
  29. 20 New categories of maintained schools.
  30. 21 Kinds of foundation and voluntary schools and types of foundations.
  31. 22 Maintenance and other funding of schools.
  32. 23 Charitable status of maintained schools, etc.
  33. 23A Foundation and foundation special schools: requirements as to foundations
  34. 23B Powers of Secretary of State in relation to charity trustees of foundations
  35. 24 School organisation committees.
  36. 25 Adjudicators.
  37. 26 School organisation plans.
  38. 26A Plans of local learning and skills councils.
  39. 26B Plans of National Council.
  40. 27 Power to require committees or adjudicators for Wales.
  41. 28 Proposals for establishment or alteration of community, foundation or voluntary school in Wales.
  42. 28A Proposals for establishment of community, foundation or voluntary school maintained by English LEA
  43. 29 Proposals for discontinuance of community, foundation, voluntary or maintained nursery school in Wales.
  44. 30 Notice by governing body to discontinue foundation or voluntary school in England.
  45. 31 Proposals for establishment, alteration or discontinuance of community or foundation special school in Wales.
  46. 32 Direction requiring discontinuance of community or foundation special school in Wales.
  47. 33 Further provisions relating to establishment, alteration or discontinuance of schools in Wales.
  48. 34 Rationalisation of school places.
  49. 35 School in Wales changing from one category to another.
  50. 36 Governing bodies.
  51. 37 Instruments of government.
  52. 38 General responsibility of governing body for conduct of school.
  53. 39 Additional functions of governing body.
  54. 40 Control of use of school premises by governing body.
  55. 41 Responsibility for fixing dates of terms and holidays and times of sessions.
  56. 42 Governors’ reports and other information.
  57. 43 Annual parents’ meetings.
  58. 44 Arrangements for government of new schools.
  59. 45 Maintained schools to have budget shares.
  60. 45A Determination of specified budgets of local authority
  61. 45AA Power to require local authorities in England to determine schools budget
  62. 45AB Duty of local authorities in Wales to determine schools budget
  63. 45AC Power to require local authorities in Wales to determine schools budget
  64. 45B Power of Assembly to set minimum schools budget for local authority in Wales
  65. 45C Effect of notice under section 45B(6)
  66. 45D Power of Assembly to repeal Wales-only school funding provisions
  67. 46 Determination of LEA’s local schools budget and individual schools budget.
  68. 47 Determination of school’s budget share.
  69. 47ZA Free of charge early years provision outside a maintained school: budgetary framework: England
  70. 47A Schools forums
  71. 48 Local authorities’ financial schemes.
  72. 49 Maintained schools to have delegated budgets.
  73. 50 Effect of financial delegation.
  74. 51 Suspension of financial delegation for mismanagement etc.
  75. 51A Expenditure incurred for community purposes
  76. 52 Financial statements: Wales.
  77. 53 Certification of statements by Audit Commission.
  78. 53A Certification of statements by Auditor General for Wales
  79. 54 Staffing of community, voluntary controlled and community special schools.
  80. 55 Staffing of foundation, voluntary aided and foundation special schools.
  81. 56 Staffing for non-school activities.
  82. 57 Payments in respect of dismissal, etc.
  83. 58 Appointment and dismissal of certain teachers at schools with a religious character : England.
  84. 58A Appointment and dismissal of certain teachers at schools with a religious character: Wales
  85. 59 Staff at community, secular foundation or voluntary, or special school.
  86. 60 Staff at foundation or voluntary school with religious character.
  87. 61 Responsibility of governing body and head teacher for discipline.
  88. 62 Local authority’s reserve power to prevent a breakdown of discipline.
  89. 63 School attendance targets.
  90. 64 Power of head teacher to exclude pupils.
  91. 65 Exclusion of pupils: duty to inform parents, etc.
  92. 66 Functions of governing body in relation to excluded pupils.
  93. 67 Appeals against exclusion of pupils.
  94. 68 Exclusion of pupils: guidance.
  95. 68A Designation of schools with a religious character: Wales
  96. 69 Duty to secure due provision of religious education : England.
  97. 70 Requirements relating to collective worship.
  98. 71 Exceptions and special arrangements; provision for special schools.
  99. 72 Further provisions relating to new schools.
  100. 73 Transfer of staff on appointed day.
  101. 74 Transfer of land on appointed day.
  102. 75 Transfer of land by governing body to trustees.
  103. 76 Disposals of land in case of certain schools and disposals on discontinuance.
  104. 77 Control of disposals or changes in use of school playing fields.
  105. 78 Rating of maintained schools.
  106. 79 Stamp duty.
  107. 79A Stamp duty land tax
  108. 80 Provision of further education.
  109. 81 Application of employment law during financial delegation.
  110. 82 Modification of trust deeds.
  111. 83 Modification of provisions making governors of foundation or voluntary school ex officio trustees.
  112. 84 Code for school admissions.
  113. 85 Making and approval of code for school admissions.
  114. 85ZA Co-operation in discharging functions under this Part (England)
  115. 85A Admission forums
  116. 85B Functions of admission forums in relation to Academies
  117. 86 Parental preferences.
  118. 86A Preferences relating to sixth-form education: local authority arrangements
  119. 86B Duty in relation to preferences expressed under section 86A: admission authorities of maintained schools
  120. 87 No requirement to admit children permanently excluded from two or more schools.
  121. 88 Admission authorities and admission arrangements.
  122. 88A Prohibition on interviews
  123. 88B Admission arrangements relating to children looked after by local authority
  124. 88C Procedure for determining admission arrangements
  125. 88D Determination of admission numbers
  126. 88E Variation of admission arrangements
  127. 88F Sections 88C to 88E: supplementary
  128. 88G Power to restrict alteration of admission arrangements following establishment or expansion
  129. 88H Reference of objections to adjudicator
  130. 88I Other functions of adjudicator relating to admission arrangements
  131. 88IA Changes to admission numbers
  132. 88J Changes to admission arrangements
  133. 88K Sections 88H and 88I , 88I and 88IA : supplementary
  134. 88L Restriction on alteration of admission arrangements following adjudicator's decision
  135. 88M Co-ordination of admission arrangements
  136. 88N Further provision about schemes adopted or made by virtue of section 88M
  137. 88O Sharing of information by local authorities
  138. 88P Reports by local authorities to adjudicator
  139. 88Q Reports under section 88P: provision of information
  140. 88R Prohibition on interviews
  141. 89 Procedure for determining admission arrangements.
  142. 89A Determination of admission numbers
  143. 89B Co-ordination of admission arrangements
  144. 89C Further provision about schemes adopted or made by virtue of section 89B
  145. 89D Power to restrict alteration of admission arrangements following establishment or expansion
  146. 90 Reference of objections to Welsh Ministers.
  147. 90ZA Regulations by Welsh Ministers under sections 89 to 90
  148. 90A Restriction on alteration of admission arrangements following adjudicator's decision
  149. 91 Special arrangements to preserve religious character of foundation or voluntary aided school.
  150. 92 Publication of information about admissions.
  151. 93 Fixing admission numbers.
  152. 94 Appeal arrangements: general.
  153. 95 Appeals relating to children to whom section 87 applies.
  154. 95A References relating to looked after children to whom section 87(2) applies
  155. 96 Direction to admit child to specified school.
  156. 97 Procedure for giving direction under section 96.
  157. 97A Direction to admit looked after child to specified school
  158. 97B Procedure for giving direction under section 97A
  159. 97C Determinations under section 97 or 97B: supplemental
  160. 97D Power of Assembly to make regulations about admission of looked after children
  161. 98 Admission for nursery education or to nursery or special school: children with statements of special educational needs or EHC plans.
  162. 98A Meaning of “sixth form education” etc
  163. 99 General restriction on selection by ability or aptitude.
  164. 100 Permitted selection: pre-existing arrangements.
  165. 101 Permitted selection: pupil banding.
  166. 102 Permitted selection in maintained schools in England: aptitude for particular subjects.
  167. 102A Permitted selection in maintained schools in Wales: aptitude for particular areas of learning and experience etc.
  168. 103 Permitted selection: introduction, variation or abandonment of provision for such selection.
  169. 104 Designation of grammar schools.
  170. 105 Procedure for deciding whether grammar schools should retain selective admission arrangements.
  171. 106 Ballot regulations: eligibility of parents to request or vote in ballot.
  172. 107 Restriction on publication of material etc. relating to ballots.
  173. 108 Implementation of decision that school should cease to have selective admission arrangements.
  174. 109 Proposals by governing body of grammar school to end selective admission arrangements.
  175. 110 Home-school agreements.
  176. 111 Supplementary provisions about home-school agreements.
  177. 112 Extended work experience for Key Stage 4 pupils.
  178. 113 Provision of secondary education for Key Stage 4 pupils by FE institutions.
  179. 114 Nutritional standards for school lunches.
  180. 114A Requirements for food and drink provided on school premises etc
  181. 115 Extension of LEA functions concerning school lunches, etc.
  182. 116 Transfer of local authority functions concerning school lunches, etc. to governing bodies.
  183. 117 Definition of “nursery education”.
  184. 118 Duty of local authority as respects availability of nursery education.
  185. 118A Duties of local authority in respect of childcare
  186. 119 Early years development and childcare partnerships.
  187. 120 Early years development and childcare plans.
  188. 121 Approval, modification and review of statement of proposals.
  189. 122 Inspection of nursery education in Wales.
  190. 123 Children with special educational needs.
  191. 124 Travel arrangements for children receiving nursery education otherwise than at school.
  192. 124A Employment of teachers at independent schools having a religious character
  193. 124AA Staff at certain Academies with religious character
  194. 124B Designation of independent schools as having a religious character
  195. 125 Partnership arrangements to secure provision of certain further education in Wales.
  196. 126 Provisions relating to education provided under partnership arrangements.
  197. 127 Code of practice for securing effective relationships between local authorities and maintained schools in Wales.
  198. 128 Financial assistance to non-maintained schools.
  199. 129 Payment of school expenses; grant of scholarships, etc.
  200. 130 Transfer of assisted places.
  201. 131 Abolition of corporal punishment in schools etc.
  202. 132 Dissolution of Funding Agency for Schools.
  203. 133 Removal of power to establish Schools Funding Council for Wales.
  204. 134 Publication of inspection reports.
  205. 135 Miscellaneous amendments relating to school and nursery inspections.
  206. 136 Change of name of Education Assets Board.
  207. 137 Education Transfer Council: alteration of functions and provision for dissolution.
  208. 138 Orders and regulations.
  209. 138A Regulations made by Welsh Ministers under section 71(7A) or sections 89 to 90
  210. 139 Financial provisions.
  211. 140 Minor and consequential amendments and repeals.
  212. 141 Minor authorities.
  213. 142 General interpretation.
  214. 143 Index.
  215. 144 Transitional provisions etc.
  216. 145 Short title, commencement and extent.
  217. SCHEDULE 1 Provisions relating to an Education Action Forum
  218. SCHEDULE 2 Allocation of existing schools to new categories
  219. SCHEDULE 3 Funding of foundation, voluntary and foundation special schools
  220. SCHEDULE 5 Adjudicators
  221. SCHEDULE 8 Changes of category of school
  222. SCHEDULE 9 Constitution of governing bodies
  223. SCHEDULE 10 Incorporation and powers of governing bodies
  224. SCHEDULE 11 Membership and proceedings etc. of governing bodies
  225. SCHEDULE 12 Instruments of government
  226. SCHEDULE 13 Control of school premises by governing bodies
  227. SCHEDULE 14 Revision of local authority schemes
  228. SCHEDULE 15 Suspension of financial delegation
  229. Schedule 16
  230. SCHEDULE 17 Staffing of foundation, voluntary aided and foundation special schools
  231. SCHEDULE 18 Appeals against exclusion of pupils
  232. SCHEDULE 19 Required provision for religious education
  233. SCHEDULE 20 Collective worship
  234. SCHEDULE 21 Transfers of land on appointed day
  235. SCHEDULE 22 Disposals of land in case of certain schools and disposals on discontinuance
  236. SCHEDULE 24 Admission appeals
  237. SCHEDULE 25 Children to whom section 87 applies: appeals by governing bodies 12.10.01
  238. SCHEDULE 26 Inspection of nursery education in Wales
  239. SCHEDULE 27 Further provision about partnership arrangements in Wales
  240. SCHEDULE 28 Amendments relating to school and nursery inspections
  241. SCHEDULE 29 Amendments relating to functions of Education Transfer Council
  242. SCHEDULE 30 Minor and consequential amendments
  243. SCHEDULE 31 Repeals
  244. SCHEDULE 32 Transitional provisions and savings

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244 provisions

28 Proposals for establishment or alteration of community, foundation or voluntary school in Wales.

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28A Proposals for establishment of community, foundation or voluntary school maintained by English LEA

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29 Proposals for discontinuance of community, foundation, voluntary or maintained nursery school in Wales.

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30 Notice by governing body to discontinue foundation or voluntary school in England.

(1) Subject to the following provisions of this section, the governing body of a foundation or voluntary school in England may discontinue the school by serving on the Secretary of State and the local authority at least two years’ notice of their intention to do so. (2) If expenditure has been incurred on the school premises (otherwise than in connection with repairs)— (a) by the Secretary of State, (b) by the Funding Agency for Schools, (c) by any local authority, or (d) by an authority which was a local education authority within the meaning of any enactment repealed by the Education Act 1944 or an earlier Act, no such notice may be served without the consent of the Secretary of State. (3) If discontinuing the school would affect the facilities for full-time education suitable to the requirements of persons over compulsory school age who have not attained the age of 19, the governing body shall, before serving a notice under this section, consult— (a) if the school is in England— (i) the Secretary of State, and (ii) each local authority which has secured the provision of education for any such persons at the school; (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) If, while a notice under subsection (1) is in force in respect of a foundation or voluntary school, the governing body inform the local authority that they are unable or unwilling to carry on the school until the notice expires, the authority— (a) may conduct the school for all or part of the unexpired period of the notice as if it were a community school, and (b) shall be entitled to use the school premises free of charge for that purpose. (5) While the school is being so conducted— (a) the authority shall keep the school premises in good repair, and (b) any interest in the premises which is held for the purposes of the school shall be deemed, for all purposes relating to the condition, occupation or use of the premises, or the making of alterations to them, to be vested in the authority. (6) Despite the provisions of subsection (5) the governing body may use the premises, or any part of them, when not required for the purposes of the school to the same extent as if they had continued to carry on the school during the unexpired period of the notice. (7) A notice served under subsection (1) may not be withdrawn without the consent of the local authority. (8) If a foundation or voluntary school is discontinued under this section, the duty of the local authority to maintain the school as a foundation or voluntary school shall cease. (9) Nothing in any of the following provisions applies in relation to the discontinuance under this section of a foundation or voluntary school— (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (b) sections 15 and 28 of the Education and Inspections Act 2006 (which relate to England). (10) Where— (a) land occupied by a foundation or voluntary school is held by any trustees for the purposes of the school, and (b) the termination of the school’s occupation of that land would have the result that it was not reasonably practicable for the school to continue to be conducted at its existing site, then if the trustees (being entitled to do so) give any notice to the governing body which purports to terminate the school’s occupation of the land, any such notice shall not be effective to terminate its occupation of the land unless the requirements of subsection (11) are complied with in relation to the notice (without prejudice to any other statutory or other requirements falling to be so complied with). (11) The requirements of this subsection are— (a) that the period of notice must— (i) be reasonable having regard to the length of time that would be required to discontinue the school (if the governing body chose to do so), and (ii) in any event must not be less than two years; and (b) that a copy of the notice must be given to the Secretary of State and the local authority at the time when the notice is given to the governing body. (12) Where trustees give, at the same (or substantially the same) time, notices purporting to terminate a foundation or voluntary school’s occupation of two or more pieces of land held by the trustees for the purposes of the school, then for the purpose of determining whether subsection (10)(b) applies in relation to any of those pieces of land, regard may be had to the combined effect of terminating the school’s occupation of both or all of them. (13) If a question arises as to whether the termination of a school’s occupation of any land would have the result mentioned in subsection (10)(b) (including a question as to whether subsection (12) applies in any particular circumstances), it shall be determined by the Secretary of State.

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31 Proposals for establishment, alteration or discontinuance of community or foundation special school in Wales.

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32 Direction requiring discontinuance of community or foundation special school in Wales.

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33 Further provisions relating to establishment, alteration or discontinuance of schools in Wales.

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34 Rationalisation of school places.

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35 School in Wales changing from one category to another.

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36 Governing bodies.

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37 Instruments of government.

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38 General responsibility of governing body for conduct of school.

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39 Additional functions of governing body.

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40 Control of use of school premises by governing body.

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41 Responsibility for fixing dates of terms and holidays and times of sessions.

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42 Governors’ reports and other information.

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43 Annual parents’ meetings.

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44 Arrangements for government of new schools.

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45 Maintained schools to have budget shares.

(1) For the purposes of the financing of maintained schools by local authorities, every such school shall have, for each funding period, a budget share which is allocated to it by the authority which maintains it. (1A) In this Chapter “maintained school” means— (a) a community, foundation or voluntary school, (b) a community or foundation special school, ... (c) a maintained nursery school , or (d) a pupil referral unit in England. (1B) In this Chapter “funding period” means a financial year or such other period as may be prescribed. (2) Sections 45A to 47 have effect for determining the amount of a school’s budget share for a funding period. (3) In this Chapter— (a) references to schools maintained by a local authority do not include pupil referral units in Wales; (aa) references to the governing body of a maintained school or of a school maintained by a local authority shall be read, in relation to a pupil referral unit in England, as references to the management committee for the unit (in spite of paragraph 1 of Schedule 1 to the Education Act 1996); (ab) references to governors shall be read, in relation to a pupil referral unit in England, as references to the members of the management committee for the unit; (b) references, in a context referring to a local authority, to a maintained school or to a school maintained by such an authority shall be read as including a new school— (i) which on implementation of proposals under any enactment will be a community, foundation or voluntary school or a community or foundation special school maintained by the authority, and (ii) which has a temporary governing body; and (c) references to the governing body of a maintained school or of a school maintained by a local authority shall accordingly be read as including the temporary governing body of a new school falling within paragraph (b). (4) In this Chapter “new school” (without more) has the meaning given by section 72(3).

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45A Determination of specified budgets of local authority

(1) For the purposes of this Part, a local authority’s “non-schools education budget” for a relevant period is the amount appropriated by the authority for meeting all education expenditure by the authority in that period of a class or description prescribed for the purposes of this subsection. (1A) In subsection (1) “relevant period” means a financial year or such other period as may be prescribed. (2) For the purposes of this Part, a local authority’s “schools budget” for a funding period is the amount appropriated by the authority for meeting all education expenditure by the authority in that period of a class or description prescribed for the purposes of this subsection (which may include expenditure incurred otherwise than in respect of schools). (2A) The amount referred to in subsection (2) includes the amount of any grant which is appropriated, for meeting the expenditure mentioned in that subsection, in accordance with a condition which— (a) is imposed under section 16 of the Education Act 2002 (terms on which assistance under section 14 of that Act is given) or any other enactment, and (b) requires that the grant be applied as part of the authority's schools budget for the funding period. (3) For the purposes of this Part, a local authority’s “individual schools budget” for a funding period is the amount remaining after deducting from the authority’s schools budget for that period such planned education expenditure by the authority in respect of that period as they may determine should be so deducted in accordance with regulations. (4) Regulations under subsection (3) may— (a) prescribe classes or descriptions of expenditure which are authorised or required to be deducted from an authority’s schools budget; (b) provide, in relation to any prescribed class or description of expenditure specified in the regulations, that such expenditure may only be deducted subject to either or both of the following, namely— (i) such limit or limits (however framed) as may be specified by or determined in accordance with the regulations, and (ii) such other conditions as may be so specified or determined. (4A) Regulations under subsection (3) may also make provision— (a) enabling any expenditure falling outside any classes or descriptions of expenditure prescribed by virtue of subsection (4)(a) to be deducted from the authority's schools budget if the deduction of such expenditure is authorised, on the application of the authority, by the authority's schools forum or the Secretary of State, and (b) enabling any limit or condition that would otherwise apply by virtue of subsection (4)(b)(i) or (ii) to be varied or excluded, on the application of the authority, by the authority's schools forum or the Secretary of State. (4B) For the purposes of this Part, the duty imposed on a local authority in England by section 7(1) of the Childcare Act 2006 (duty to secure prescribed early years provision free of charge) is to be treated as an education function of the authority. (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7) In this section “education expenditure” means expenditure incurred by a local authority in connection with the performance of their education functions.

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45AA Power to require local authorities in England to determine schools budget

(1) Regulations may require a local authority in England, not later than the prescribed date, to make an initial determination of their schools budget for a funding period. (2) The date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1) may be a date falling up to 48 months before the beginning of the funding period. (3) Regulations under subsection (1) may— (a) authorise or require local authorities in England to take account of matters arising after the initial determination of their schools budgets for any funding period but before the beginning of the funding period, by redetermining their schools budgets for the period in accordance with the regulations, and (b) require notice of any initial determination or revised determination to be given in accordance with the regulations to the governing bodies of schools maintained by the local authority.

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45AB Duty of local authorities in Wales to determine schools budget

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45AC Power to require local authorities in Wales to determine schools budget

(1) Regulations may require a local authority in Wales, not later than the prescribed date, to make an initial determination of their schools budget for a funding period. (2) The date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1) may be a date falling up to 48 months before the beginning of the funding period. (3) Regulations under subsection (1) may— (a) authorise or require local authorities in Wales to take account of matters arising after the initial determination of their schools budgets for the funding period but before the beginning of the funding period, by redetermining their schools budgets for the period in accordance with the regulations, and (b) require notice of any initial determination or revised determination to be given in accordance with the regulations to the Assembly and to the governing bodies of schools maintained by the local authority. (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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45B Power of Assembly to set minimum schools budget for local authority in Wales

(1) If it appears to the National Assembly for Wales that, in all the circumstances, the proposed amount of a local authority's schools budget for a funding period is inadequate, the Assembly may, within the period of fourteen days beginning with the schools budget deadline in the funding period preceding that funding period, give the authority a notice under subsection (6) or (7). (2) In subsection (1), the reference to the proposed amount of a local authority's schools budget for a funding period is— (a) if section 45AB is in force in relation to that funding period, a reference to the amount specified in a notice under section 45AB(1)(b), or (b) if regulations under section 45AC(1) are in force in relation to that funding period, a reference to such amount, determined by the authority in accordance with those regulations and specified in a notice required by those regulations to be given to the Assembly, as may be prescribed. (3) If at the schools budget deadline in any funding period, a local authority in Wales have failed to give the Assembly a notice under section 45AB(1)(b) or a notice required as mentioned in subsection (2)(b), the Assembly may, at any time after that deadline, give the authority a notice under subsection (6) or (7). (4) In this section “the schools budget deadline”— (a) in a case falling within subsection (2)(a), has the same meaning as in section 45AB, and (b) in a case falling within subsection (2)(b), means the time in the funding period preceding the funding period to which the schools budget relates by which regulations under section 45AC(1) require notice of a revised determination of the schools budget to be given to the Assembly. (5) In this section and section 45C “the period under consideration” means the funding period to which the notice mentioned in subsection (2)(a) or (b) relates or, in a case falling within subsection (3), the funding period in relation to which such a notice ought to have been given. (6) A notice under this subsection is a notice determining the minimum amount of the authority's schools budget for the period under consideration. (7) A notice under this subsection is a notice which— (a) specifies the amount which the Assembly would have determined as the minimum amount of the authority's schools budget for the period under consideration if the Assembly had acted under subsection (4), and (b) states the Assembly's intention to determine the minimum amount of the authority's schools budget for the following funding period. (8) A notice under subsection (6) or (7) must include a statement of the Assembly's reasons for giving the notice. (9) The Assembly may act under different subsections in relation to different authorities.

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45C Effect of notice under section 45B(6)

(1) The local authority may, within the period of fourteen days beginning with the date of a notice under section 45B(6), give the National Assembly for Wales notice of their objection to the Assembly's determination, giving reasons for their objection. (2) Where the local authority have given notice of their objection under subsection (1), the notice under section 45B(6) shall cease to have effect, but the Assembly may by order prescribe the minimum amount of the authority's schools budget for the period under consideration. (3) The amount prescribed under subsection (2) must not be greater than the amount specified in the notice under section 45B(6). (4) An order under subsection (2) may relate to two or more authorities. (5) Where— (a) a notice under section 45B(6) has been given to a local authority and no notice of objection has been given during the period specified in subsection (1), or (b) an order has been made under subsection (2), the local authority shall determine a schools budget for the period under consideration which is not less than the amount specified in relation to the authority in the notice or order.

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45D Power of Assembly to repeal Wales-only school funding provisions

The Assembly may by order— (a) repeal any of the following provisions— section 45AB, section 45AC(4), and sections 45B and 45C, and (b) make any amendments of the other provisions of this Chapter which appear to the Assembly to be necessary or expedient in consequence of any repeal made by virtue of paragraph (a).

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46 Determination of LEA’s local schools budget and individual schools budget.

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47 Determination of school’s budget share.

(1) For the purposes of this Part a maintained school’s budget share for a funding period is such amount as the local authority may determine, in accordance with regulations, to allocate to the school out of the authority’s individual schools budget for that period. (2) Regulations under this section may, in particular, make provision— (a) as to the time when schools’ budget shares are to be initially determined by local authorities; (b) specifying— (i) factors or criteria which such authorities are to take into account, or (ii) requirements as to other matters with which such authorities are to comply, in determining such shares, whether generally or in such cases as are specified in the regulations; (c) requiring adjustments to be made to such shares by such authorities in respect of— (i) pupils permanently excluded from schools maintained by them, or (ii) pupils admitted to schools maintained by them who have been permanently excluded from other maintained schools; (d) as to the treatment of new schools, including provision authorising the determination of nil amounts as the budget shares of such schools; (dd) authorising or requiring such authorities to take account of matters arising after the initial determination of budget shares for a funding period but before the beginning of the funding period, by redetermining budget shares for that period in accordance with the regulations, and requiring them in that connection to disregard such matters as may be specified in the regulations; (e) authorising or requiring such authorities to take account of matters arising during the course of a funding period— (i) by redetermining budget shares for that funding period, or (ii) by making adjustments to such shares for the following funding period, in accordance with the regulations, and requiring them in that connection to disregard such matters as may be specified in the regulations; (f) requiring consultation to be carried out by such authorities in relation to the factors or criteria which are to be taken into account in determining such shares and as to the time and manner of such consultation; (ff) requiring notice of any initial determination or revised determination to be given in accordance with the regulations to the governing bodies of schools maintained by the authority in question; (g) authorising local authorities in prescribed cases to determine (or redetermine) budget shares, to such extent as may be prescribed, in accordance with arrangements approved by the authority's schools forum or the Secretary of State in accordance with the regulations (in place of the arrangements provided for by the regulations); (2A) The time by which regulations made in pursuance of subsection (2)(a) require an initial determination of schools' budget shares for a funding period to be made may be up to 48 months before the beginning of the funding period. (3) Regulations made in pursuance of subsection (2)(c) may provide for the adjustments to be made on such basis as may be prescribed, which may involve the deduction from one school’s budget share of an amount which is greater or less than that allocated to another school’s budget share in respect of the excluded pupil.

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47ZA Free of charge early years provision outside a maintained school: budgetary framework: England

(1) This section applies where a local authority in England propose to allocate an amount of relevant financial assistance to a relevant childcare provider for a funding period out of the authority's individual schools budget for the period. (2) The amount to be allocated is to be determined in accordance with regulations. (3) Financial assistance provided by a local authority in England to a childcare provider is “relevant” financial assistance if it is provided— (a) for the purpose of the discharge of the authority's duty under section 7 of the Childcare Act 2006, and (b) in respect of the provision of childcare. (4) Regulations under this section may, in particular— (a) specify factors or criteria which an authority are to take into account in determining the amount of any relevant financial assistance to be provided by them to a relevant childcare provider; (b) specify factors or criteria which an authority are to disregard in determining such an amount; (c) specify requirements as to other matters with which an authority are to comply in determining such an amount; (d) make provision about consultation to be carried out by an authority in connection with determining such an amount; (e) authorise an authority, in prescribed circumstances and to a prescribed extent, to determine such an amount in accordance with arrangements approved by the Secretary of State (instead of in accordance with arrangements provided for by the regulations); (f) require an authority to provide relevant childcare providers with prescribed information relating to their determination of such an amount; (g) make provision about the circumstances in which an authority are required to redetermine such an amount; (h) specify a time by which an authority's determination of such an amount is to take place. (5) For the purposes of this section— (a) “childcare” has the meaning given in section 18 of the Childcare Act 2006; (b) “relevant childcare provider” means a provider of childcare other than the governing body of a maintained school; (c) a reference to an authority's determination of the amount of any relevant financial assistance includes a reference to the authority's redetermination of such an amount.

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47A Schools forums

(1) Every local authority shall in accordance with regulations establish for their area before such date as may be prescribed a body, to be known as a schools forum, representing the governing bodies and head teachers of schools maintained by the authority and, if the authority so determine, also representing such bodies as the authority may from time to time in accordance with regulations determine. Every local authority must, in accordance with regulations, establish for their area a body to be known as a schools forum. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to the Common Council of the City of London or the Council of the Isles of Scilly. (3) The purpose of a schools forum is— (a) to advise the relevant authority on such matters relating to the authority's schools budget as may be prescribed by regulations under section 45A(3) or by regulations under this subsection, and (b) to exercise any other function that may be imposed on the schools forum by or under this Chapter. (3A) In exercising its functions, a schools forum is to have regard to any children and young people's plan prepared by the local Children's Trust Board. (4) Regulations under section 45A(3) or under subsection (3) may include provision requiring a relevant authority to have regard to advice given by their schools forum, or requiring a relevant authority to consult their schools forum in relation to prescribed matters or before taking prescribed decisions. (4A) Regulations must provide for a schools forum to include— (a) members representing governing bodies of schools maintained by the relevant authority, and (b) members representing head teachers of such schools. (4B) Regulations may provide for a schools forum to include— (a) members representing such other persons— (i) as may be prescribed, or (ii) as the relevant authority may from time to time, in accordance with regulations, determine, and (b) other members, and may make further provision as to the constitution of a schools forum. (5) Regulations may make provision as to the constitution, meetings and proceedings of a schools forum. (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7) Regulations may make provision with respect to expenses of a schools forum. (8) Except as provided by regulations, the expenses of a schools forum shall be defrayed by the relevant authority. (9) In this section “relevant authority”, in relation to a schools forum, means the local authority by whom the forum is established. (10) In this section— (a) a “children and young people's plan” means a plan published by a Children's Trust Board under section 17 of the Children Act 2004; (b) “the local Children's Trust Board”, in relation to a schools forum, is the Children's Trust Board established by arrangements made under section 10 of that Act by the relevant authority ....

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48 Local authorities’ financial schemes.

(1) Each local authority shall maintain a scheme dealing with such matters connected with the financing of the schools maintained by the authority or the exercise by the governing bodies of those schools of the power conferred by section 27 of the Education Act 2002 (power of governing body to provide community facilities etc.) as are required to be dealt with in the scheme by or by virtue of— (a) regulations made by the Secretary of State; or (b) any provision of this Part. (2) Regulations under subsection (1) may, in particular, require a scheme to deal with— (a) the carrying forward from one funding period to another of surpluses and deficits arising in relation to schools’ budget shares; (b) amounts which may be charged against schools’ budget shares; (c) amounts received by schools which may be retained by their governing bodies and the purposes for which such amounts may be used; (d) the imposition, by or under the scheme, of conditions which must be complied with by schools in relation to the management of their delegated budgets, including conditions prescribing financial controls and procedures; (dd) the imposition, by or under the scheme, of conditions which must be complied with by schools in relation to the exercise of the power mentioned in subsection (1), including conditions prescribing financial controls and procedures; (e) terms on which services and facilities are provided by the authority for schools maintained by them. (3) Where there is any inconsistency between a scheme maintained by a local authority under subsection (1) and any other rules or regulations made by the authority which relate to the funding or financial management of schools which they maintain, the terms of the scheme shall prevail. (4) Schedule 14 (which provides for ... the revision of schemes) shall have effect. (5) In this Part any reference to “the scheme”, in relation to a maintained school, is a reference to the scheme for the time being maintained under this section.

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49 Maintained schools to have delegated budgets.

(1) Every maintained school shall have a delegated budget. (2) A new school shall have a delegated budget from a date determined in accordance with regulations. (2A) Regulations under subsection (2) may— (a) enable the date that would otherwise apply by virtue of the regulations to be varied in accordance with the regulations, on the application of the local authority, by the authority's schools forum or by the Secretary of State, and (b) make provision about the respective powers of the schools forum and the Secretary of State in relation to any application to vary that date. (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) Subject to— (a) section 50 (right of governing body to spend budget share where school has a delegated budget), (b) paragraph 4 of Schedule 15 (power of governing body to spend amounts out of budget share where delegation of budget suspended), (c) section 489(2) of the Education Act 1996 (education standards grants), and (d) any provisions of the scheme, a local authority may not delegate to the governing body of any maintained school the power to spend any part of the authority’s non-schools education budget or schools budget. (5) Any amount made available by a local authority to the governing body of a maintained school (whether under section 50 or otherwise)— (a) shall remain the property of the authority until spent by the governing body or the head teacher; and (b) when spent by the governing body or the head teacher, shall be taken to be spent by them or him as the authority’s agent. (6) Subsection (5)(b) does not apply to any such amount where it is spent— (a) by way of repayment of the principal of, or interest on, a loan, or (b) (in the case of a voluntary aided school) to meet expenses payable by the governing body under paragraph 3(1) or (2) of Schedule 3 expenditure payable by the governing body under paragraph 3(1) of Schedule 3 , ... or paragraph 8 of Schedule 8 to the Education Act 2002 ... or paragraph 4 of Schedule 3 to, the School Standards and Organisation (Wales) Act 2013. (7) In this Part— (a) references to a school having a delegated budget are references to the governing body of the school being entitled to manage the school’s budget share; and (b) where a school has a delegated budget the governing body are accordingly said to have a right to a delegated budget.

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50 Effect of financial delegation.

(1) Where a maintained school has a delegated budget in respect of the whole or part of a funding period the local authority shall secure that in respect of that period there is available to be spent by the governing body— (a) where the school has a delegated budget in respect of the whole of that period, a sum equal to the school’s budget share for the period, or (b) where the school has a delegated budget in respect of only part of that period, a sum equal to that portion of the school’s budget share for the period which has not been spent. (2) The times at which, and the manner in which, any amounts are made available by the authority to the governing body in respect of any such sum shall be such as may be provided by or under the scheme. (3) Subject to any provision made by or under the scheme, the governing body may spend any such amounts as they think fit— (a) for any purposes of the school; or (b) (subject also to any prescribed conditions) for such purposes as may be prescribed. (3A) In the case of a school in England— (a) subject to regulations under paragraph (b) below, subsection (3)(a) has effect as if amounts spent on providing facilities or services under section 27 of the Education Act 2002 (power of governing body to provide community facilities etc) were spent for purposes of the school; (b) regulations may impose restrictions as to the matters on which amounts may be spent under subsection (3)(a). (4) In the case of a school in Wales, “purposes of the school” in subsection (3) does not include purposes wholly referable to the provision of— (za) facilities and services under section 27 of the Education Act 2002 (power of governing body to provide community facilities etc.), (a) part-time education suitable to the requirements of persons of any age over compulsory school age, or (b) full-time education suitable to the requirements of persons who have attained the age of 19; but any such purposes may be prescribed by regulations under paragraph (b) of that subsection. (5) Nothing in subsection (3) shall be read as authorising the payment of allowances to governors otherwise than in accordance with regulations under section 19 of the Education Act 2002 (or, in the case of temporary governors of a new school, regulations under section 34(5) of that Act). (6) The governing body may delegate to the head teacher, to such extent as may be permitted by or under the scheme, their powers under subsection (3) in relation to any amount such as is mentioned in that subsection. (7) The governors of a school shall not incur any personal liability in respect of anything done in good faith in the exercise or purported exercise of their powers under subsection (3) or (6).

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51 Suspension of financial delegation for mismanagement etc.

Schedule 15 (which provides for the suspension by a local authority of a governing body’s right to a delegated budget in the case of failure to comply with requirements as to delegation or of financial mismanagement, etc.) shall have effect.

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51A Expenditure incurred for community purposes

(1) Expenditure incurred by the governing body of a maintained school in Wales in the exercise of the power conferred by section 27 of the Education Act 2002 (power of governing body to provide community facilities etc.) shall, as against third parties, be treated as part of the expenses of maintaining the school under section 22, but if met by the local authority may be recovered by them from the governing body. (2) Except as provided by regulations under section 50(3)(b), no expenditure incurred by the governing body of a maintained school in Wales in the exercise of the power referred to in subsection (1) shall be met from the school’s budget share for any funding period. (3) Subsection (2) applies at a time when the school does not have a delegated budget by virtue of any suspension under ... Schedule 15 or section 8 of the School Standards and Organisation (Wales) Act 2013, as well as a time when it does have a delegated budget.

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52 Financial statements: Wales.

(1) Before the beginning of each financial year prescribed period a local authority in Wales shall prepare a statement containing such information relating to their planned education expenditure in that year that period as may be prescribed. (1A) The periods prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1)— (a) must consist of one or more funding periods, and (b) may include funding periods in respect of which (by virtue of their inclusion in one or more earlier periods prescribed for the purposes of that subsection) information relating to planned education expenditure has previously been required under that subsection. (2) After the end of each financial year prescribed period a local authority in Wales shall prepare a statement containing such information with respect to the following matters as may be prescribed— (a) the planned education expenditure in that year period specified in the statement prepared by the authority under subsection (1), (b) education expenditure actually incurred, or treated by the authority as having been incurred, by them in the year period, and (c) any other resources allocated by the authority in the year period to schools maintained by them during any part of the year period. and (d) accountable resources held, received or expended in the year period by any person in relation to a school maintained by the authority. (2A) In subsection (2)(d), “accountable resources”, in relation to a maintained school, means any resources which are not provided by the local authority but in respect of which an obligation is imposed on the governing body of the school by virtue of regulations under section 44 of the Education Act 2002 (accounts of maintained schools). (2B) The periods prescribed for the purposes of subsection (2) must consist of one or more funding periods. (3) A statement under this section shall— (a) be prepared in such form, and (b) be published in such manner and at such times, as may be prescribed. (4) The authority shall furnish the governing body and head teacher of each school maintained by them with a copy of each statement prepared by the authority under this section or, if regulations so provide, with a copy of such part or parts of it as may be prescribed. (5) A governing body provided with such a copy under subsection (4) shall secure that a copy of it is available for inspection (at all reasonable times and free of charge) at the school. (6) Subsection (5) does not apply to a temporary governing body of a new school at any time before the school opening date. (7) In this section “education expenditure” has the same meaning as in section 45A.

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53 Certification of statements by Audit Commission.

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53A Certification of statements by Auditor General for Wales

(1) A local authority in Wales shall, if directed to do so by the National Assembly for Wales, require the Auditor General for Wales to make arrangements in accordance with section 96B(1)(d) of the Government of Wales Act 1998 for certifying— (a) such statement or statements prepared by the authority under section 52 above, or (b) such part or parts of any such statement or statements, as may be specified in the directions; and for the purposes of section 96B(1)(d) of that Act any statement under section 52 above shall be regarded as a return by the authority. (2) The arrangements made by the Auditor General for Wales in pursuance of subsection (1) shall include arrangements for sending to the National Assembly for Wales— (a) a copy of the statement or statements so certified, or (b) a copy of the part or parts so certified, as the case may be. (3) Directions given under subsection (1) may relate to any local authority or to local authorities generally or to any class or description of such authority.

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54 Staffing of community, voluntary controlled and community special schools.

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55 Staffing of foundation, voluntary aided and foundation special schools.

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