Law

Title 34 Property, Conveyances and Security Transactions

Wyoming · 34 · statute

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Contents: 958 provisions
  1. 34-1-101. "Purchaser" defined.
  2. 34-1-102. "Conveyance" defined.
  3. 34-1-103. Letters of attorney; not a conveyance.
  4. 34-1-104. Letters of attorney; recordation; effect as evidence.
  5. 34-1-105. Letters of attorney; recordation; when revocation valid.
  6. 34-1-106. Form and capacity of conveyances.
  7. 34-1-107. Quitclaim deed.
  8. 34-1-108. Married women; right to convey generally.
  9. 34-1-109. Married women; right to convey all interest in land divested from husband; effect of conveyance.
  10. 34-1-110. Married women; conveyance by nonresident.
  11. 34-1-111. Conveyance by tenant for life.
  12. 34-1-112. Claim of adverse possession not to invalidate conveyance.
  13. 34-1-113. Acknowledgment of conveyances; generally.
  14. 34-1-114. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  15. 34-1-115. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  16. 34-1-116. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  17. 34-1-117. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  18. 34-1-118. Where conveyance to be recorded.
  19. 34-1-119. Duties of county clerk generally.
  20. 34-1-120. Unrecorded conveyance void as to subsequent purchasers recording first.
  21. 34-1-121. Recorded instrument as notice to subsequent
  22. 34-1-122. Force and effect of conveyances prior to act.
  23. 34-1-123. Admissibility of conveyance or record thereof as evidence.
  24. 34-1-124. Federal land office instruments; generally; railway maps and affidavits; recording and recording fees.
  25. 34-1-125. Federal land office instruments; as evidence.
  26. 34-1-126. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  27. 34-1-127. Effect on purported absolute conveyance of unrecorded deed of defeasance.
  28. 34-1-128. Recorded assignment of mortgage.
  29. 34-1-129. Husband or wife may appoint each other as attorney-in-fact to control interests.
  30. 34-1-130. County clerk to discharge mortgage or deed of trust on record when certificate of release recorded.
  31. 34-1-131. Force and effect of section 34-1-130 on
  32. 34-1-132. Liability of mortgagee for failing to discharge; damage limitations; definition.
  33. 34-1-133. Release; mortgage of deceased nonresident mortgagee.
  34. 34-1-134. Release; mortgage of bankrupt corporation mortgagee.
  35. 34-1-135. Covenants; not implied in conveyances; exception.
  36. 34-1-136. Covenants; not implied for payment of sum secured by mortgage.
  37. 34-1-137. Fees tail prohibited; future interests of fees tail; worthier title doctrine abolished.
  38. 34-1-138. Perpetuities; short title.
  39. 34-1-139. Perpetuities; time limits for vesting; restrictions on selected lives; legislative intent.
  40. 34-1-140. Establishing joint tenancy or tenancy by entirety in real or personal property.
  41. 34-1-141. Easements.
  42. 34-1-142. Instrument transferring title to real property; procedure; exceptions; confidentiality.
  43. 34-1-143. Information to be furnished to department of revenue and the state board of equalization.
  44. 34-1-144. Penalty for falsifying statement.
  45. 34-1-145. Definitions.
  46. 34-1-146. Reconveyance of trust deed or release of mortgage; procedures; forms.
  47. 34-1-147. Objections to reconveyance or release.
  48. 34-1-148. Liability of title insurer or title agent.
  49. 34-1-149. Application of provisions.
  50. 34-1-150. Other sections not affected.
  51. 34-1-151. Property disclosure statement.
  52. 34-1-152. Ownership of pore space underlying surfaces.
  53. 34-1-153. Ownership of material injected into geologic
  54. 34-1-154. Removal of restrictive covenants in violation of law.
  55. 34-1-155. Process for removing restrictive covenants in violation of law.
  56. 34-1-156. Civil action for removing enforceable covenants.
  57. 34-1-157. Ownership of fossils and artifacts.
  58. 34-1-158. Prescriptive easement for water conveyance.
  59. 34-1-159. Prescriptive easements for electricity delivery and distribution.
  60. 34-1-201. Short title; definitions.
  61. 34-1-202. Creation; conveyance; acceptance and duration.
  62. 34-1-203. Judicial action; modification; termination.
  63. 34-1-204. Validity.
  64. 34-1-205. Applicability.
  65. 34-1-206. Uniformity of application and construction.
  66. 34-1-207. Eminent domain; taxation.
  67. 34-1-301. Definitions.
  68. 34-1-302. Conveyance; acceptance by grantee.
  69. 34-1-303. Historic preservation rights specified; release, transfer or assignment restricted.
  70. 34-1-304. Enforcement by civil action.
  71. 34-1-401. Short title.
  72. 34-1-402. Definitions.
  73. 34-1-403. Validity of electronic documents.
  74. 34-1-404. Recording of documents.
  75. 34-1-405. Administration and standards.
  76. 34-1-406. Uniformity of application and construction.
  77. 34-1-407. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
  78. 34-1-501. Home based child care limitations.
  79. 34-2-101. Word "heirs" or other words of inheritance not necessary to convey fee simple; presumptions.
  80. 34-2-102. Form of warranty deed.
  81. 34-2-103. Form of warranty deed; effect; implied covenants.
  82. 34-2-104. Form of quitclaim deed.
  83. 34-2-105. Form of quitclaim deed; effect generally.
  84. 34-2-106. Form of quitclaim deed; effect without word "release".
  85. 34-2-107. Form of real estate mortgage.
  86. 34-2-108. Form of real estate mortgage; effect; when covenants implied.
  87. 34-2-109. Master form mortgage; recording authorized; entitlement on face; need not be acknowledged.
  88. 34-2-110. Master form mortgage; index.
  89. 34-2-111. Master form mortgage; use by reference.
  90. 34-2-112. Master form mortgage; matters not recorded.
  91. 34-2-113. Cancellation form for mortgage or deed of trust; recordation; effect.
  92. 34-2-114. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  93. 34-2-115. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  94. 34-2-116. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  95. 34-2-117. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  96. 34-2-118. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  97. 34-2-119. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  98. 34-2-120. Repealed By Laws 2008, Ch. 20, § 3.
  99. 34-2-121. Conveyance and encumbrance of homesteads void unless spouse joins; exception.
  100. 34-2-122. Notice of trust or representative capacity of grantee.
  101. 34-2-123. Notice of trust or representative capacity of grantee; prior conveyances.
  102. 34-2-124. Priority of mortgages or specific liens on realty.
  103. 34-2-125. Private seals.
  104. 34-2-126. Unsealed writings.
  105. 34-2-127. Recitals in instruments.
  106. 34-2-128. No implied tenancy except by sufferance.
  107. 34-2-129. Leases; renewal.
  108. 34-2-130. Leases; expiration of oil, gas or other mineral
  109. 34-2-131. Tax deeds; definitions.
  110. 34-2-132. Tax deeds; 2-year limitation.
  111. 34-2-133. Tax deeds; possession and affidavits of possession.
  112. 34-2-134. Tax deeds; liberal construction; legislative purposes.
  113. 34-2-135. Tax deeds; provisions cumulative and retroactive; effective date.
  114. 34-2-136. Form of special warranty deed.
  115. 34-2-137. Form of special warranty deed; effect.
  116. 34-3-101. Form.
  117. 34-3-102. Trustee's sale; generally.
  118. 34-3-103. Trustee's sale; notice.
  119. 34-3-104. Trustee's sale; form of deed for auctioned realty.
  120. 34-4-101. Application.
  121. 34-4-102. Foreclosure by advertisement.
  122. 34-4-103. Prerequisites to foreclosure.
  123. 34-4-104. Publication and service of notices; generally.
  124. 34-4-105. Publication of notice; contents.
  125. 34-4-106. Time, place and manner of sale generally;
  126. 34-4-107. Manner in which distinct tracts or lots sold.
  127. 34-4-108. Mortgagee may purchase; by whom sale made;
  128. 34-4-109. Postponement of sale.
  129. 34-4-110. Successor to officer making sale may execute conveyance.
  130. 34-4-111. Costs and expenses; generally.
  131. 34-4-112. Costs and expenses; attorney's fees.
  132. 34-4-113. Payment of proceeds.
  133. 34-5-101. When executed out of state; exceptions.
  134. 34-5-102. Instruments not witnessed; exceptions.
  135. 34-5-103. Certificate of acknowledgment; failure to state
  136. 34-5-104. Certificate of acknowledgment; incomplete.
  137. 34-5-105. Defects in mortgage releases and assignments; time limits for civil action.
  138. 34-5-106. When executed by executor; generally.
  139. 34-5-107. When executed by executor; deceased entryman.
  140. 34-5-108. Foreign administrator.
  141. 34-5-109. Copies of proceedings in foreign courts.
  142. 34-5-110. Adverse claims; when adverse claimant barred against purchaser.
  143. 34-5-111. Adverse claims; action by heir against purchaser.
  144. 34-5-112. Effect of preceding sections on pending
  145. 34-5-113. Where release of homestead or marital status of grantor not indicated.
  146. 34-5-114. Gifts to religious and educational uses; generally.
  147. 34-5-115. Gifts to religious and educational uses; existence of prior trust agreements in will.
  148. 34-5-116. Gifts to religious and educational uses; valid notwithstanding terms are included only by reference.
  149. 34-5-117. Gifts to religious and educational uses; application of W.S. 34-5-114 through 34-5-117.
  150. 34-6-101. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  151. 34-6-102. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  152. 34-6-103. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  153. 34-7-101. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  154. 34-7-102. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  155. 34-7-103. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  156. 34-7-104. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  157. 34-7-105. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  158. 34-7-106. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  159. 34-7-107. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3.
  160. 34-8-101. Short title.
  161. 34-8-102. Provisions cumulative.
  162. 34-8-103. When defective instruments validated by operation of law.
  163. 34-8-104. Enumerated defects.
  164. 34-8-105. Instruments as evidence after validation.
  165. 34-9-101. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  166. 34-9-102. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  167. 34-9-103. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  168. 34-9-104. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  169. 34-9-105. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  170. 34-9-106. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  171. 34-9-107. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  172. 34-9-108. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  173. 34-9-109. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  174. 34-9-110. Repealed by Laws 1985, ch. 226, § 2.
  175. 34-10-101. Definitions.
  176. 34-10-102. Purpose.
  177. 34-10-103. Effect of unbroken chain of title; marketable record title.
  178. 34-10-104. Effect of unbroken chain of title; exceptions.
  179. 34-10-105. Certain interests null and void.
  180. 34-10-106. Perpetuation of interest.
  181. 34-10-107. Contents of notice of claim.
  182. 34-10-108. Application.
  183. 34-10-109. Prohibition against filing notices for purpose of slandering title to land.
  184. 34-11-101. Recorded affidavit as evidence; subjects; facts.
  185. 34-12-101. Application of provisions.
  186. 34-12-102. Description of townsites and subdivisions; effect; duty to record.
  187. 34-12-103. Contents of plat; acknowledgment; approval by
  188. 34-12-104. Townsites; effect of acknowledgment and recording.
  189. 34-12-105. Townsites; recording fees.
  190. 34-12-106. Vacation; generally.
  191. 34-12-107. Vacation; streets and alleys.
  192. 34-12-108. Vacation; partial vacation; when permitted.
  193. 34-12-109. Vacation; partial vacation; effect on streets.
  194. 34-12-110. Vacation; duty of county clerk.
  195. 34-12-111. Vacation; platting by county surveyor;
  196. 34-12-112. Procedure after failure to make plat; acknowledgment; recording; costs.
  197. 34-12-113. Procedure when ownership in severalty and description uncertain.
  198. 34-12-114. Warranty of accurate description; notice if inaccurate description; proceedings upon repeal.
  199. 34-12-115. Selling lots not platted prohibited.
  200. 34-13-101. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  201. 34-13-102. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  202. 34-13-103. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  203. 34-13-104. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  204. 34-13-105. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  205. 34-13-106. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  206. 34-13-107. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  207. 34-13-108. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  208. 34-13-109. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  209. 34-13-110. Repealed by Laws 1987, ch. 201, § 2.
  210. 34-13-111. Reserved.
  211. 34-13-112. Reserved.
  212. 34-13-113. Reserved.
  213. 34-13-114. Definitions.
  214. 34-13-115. Scope and jurisdiction.
  215. 34-13-116. Nomination of future custodian.
  216. 34-13-117. Transfer by gift or exercise of power of appointment.
  217. 34-13-118. Transfer authorized by will or trust.
  218. 34-13-119. Other transfer by fiduciary.
  219. 34-13-120. Transfer by obligor.
  220. 34-13-121. Receipt for custodial property.
  221. 34-13-122. Manner of creating custodial property and
  222. 34-13-123. Single custodianship.
  223. 34-13-124. Validity and effect of transfer.
  224. 34-13-125. Care of custodial property.
  225. 34-13-126. Powers of custodian.
  226. 34-13-127. Use of custodial property.
  227. 34-13-128. Custodian's expenses; compensation and bond.
  228. 34-13-129. Exemption of third persons from liability.
  229. 34-13-130. Liability to third persons.
  230. 34-13-131. Renunciation, resignation, death or removal of custodian; designation of successor custodian.
  231. 34-13-132. Accounting by and determination of liability of custodian.
  232. 34-13-133. Termination of custodianship.
  233. 34-13-134. Applicability of provisions.
  234. 34-13-135. Effect on existing custodianships.
  235. 34-13-136. Uniform construction of provisions.
  236. 34-13-137. Short title.
  237. 34-13-138. Changing the time for transfer of custodial property.
  238. 34-13-139. Extension of custodial term by custodian.
  239. 34-14-101. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  240. 34-14-102. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  241. 34-14-103. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  242. 34-14-104. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  243. 34-14-105. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  244. 34-14-106. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  245. 34-14-107. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  246. 34-14-108. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  247. 34-14-109. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  248. 34-14-110. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  249. 34-14-111. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  250. 34-14-112. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  251. 34-14-113. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.
  252. 34-14-201. Short title.
  253. 34-14-202. Definitions.
  254. 34-14-203. Insolvency.
  255. 34-14-204. Value.
  256. 34-14-205. Transfers fraudulent as to present and future creditors.
  257. 34-14-206. Transfers fraudulent as to present creditors.
  258. 34-14-207. When transfer is made or obligation is incurred.
  259. 34-14-208. Remedies of creditors.
  260. 34-14-209. Defenses, liability and protection of transferee.
  261. 34-14-210. Extinguishment of claim for relief.
  262. 34-14-211. Supplementary provisions.
  263. 34-14-212. Uniformity of application and construction.
  264. 34-15-101. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.
  265. 34-15-102. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.
  266. 34-15-103. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.
  267. 34-16-101. Order bill of lading.
  268. 34-16-102. Straight bill of lading.
  269. 34-16-103. Penalty for violation of W.S. 34-16-101 and 34-16-102.
  270. 34-16-104. Issuance by carrier before receipt of goods prohibited; duplicates.
  271. 34-16-105. Prohibited acts; penalty for violation of W.S.
  272. 34-16-106. Penalty for fraudulent negotiations.
  273. 34-17-101. Issue of receipt for goods not received.
  274. 34-17-102. Issue of receipt containing false statement.
  275. 34-17-103. Issue of unmarked duplicates; exception.
  276. 34-17-104. Issue of receipts fraudulently stating ownership.
  277. 34-17-105. Delivery of goods without obtaining negotiable receipt.
  278. 34-17-106. Fraudulent negotiation of receipt for mortgaged goods.
  279. 34-18-101. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  280. 34-18-102. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  281. 34-18-103. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  282. 34-18-104. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  283. 34-18-105. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  284. 34-18-106. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  285. 34-18-107. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  286. 34-18-108. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  287. 34-18-109. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  288. 34-18-110. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  289. 34-18-111. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  290. 34-18-112. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  291. 34-18-113. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  292. 34-18-114. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  293. 34-18-115. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  294. 34-18-116. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.
  295. 34-19-101. Definitions.
  296. 34-19-102. Landowner's duty of care or duty to give warnings.
  297. 34-19-103. Limitations on landowner's liability.
  298. 34-19-104. Application to land leased to state or political subdivision thereof.
  299. 34-19-105. When landowner's liability not limited.
  300. 34-19-106. Duty of care, not created; duty of care of persons using land.
  301. 34-19-107. User liability for damages.
  302. 34-19-201. Definitions
  303. 34-19-202. Duty of owner of land to trespasser.
  304. 34-19-203. Artificial conditions highly dangerous to trespassing children.
  305. 34-19-204. Conflicts.
  306. 34-20-101. Short title.
  307. 34-20-102. Condominium ownership recognized; fee simple estate in air space and common elements; inseparability.
  308. 34-20-103. Definitions.
  309. 34-20-104. Notice to tax assessor; apportionment of taxes; recording declaration; covenants running with land.
  310. 34-21-101. Renumbered by order of management council.
  311. 34-21-102. Renumbered by order of management council.
  312. 34-21-103. Renumbered by order of management council.
  313. 34-21-104. Renumbered by order of management council.
  314. 34-21-105. Renumbered by order of management council.
  315. 34-21-106. Renumbered by order of management council.
  316. 34-21-107. Renumbered by order of management council.
  317. 34-21-108. Renumbered by order of management council.
  318. 34-21-109. Renumbered by order of management council.
  319. 34-21-110. Renumbered by order of management council.
  320. 34-21-111. Renumbered by order of management council.
  321. 34-21-112. Renumbered by order of management council.
  322. 34-21-113. Renumbered by order of management council.
  323. 34-21-114. Renumbered by order of management council.
  324. 34-21-115. Renumbered by order of management council.
  325. 34-21-116. Renumbered by order of management council.
  326. 34-21-117. Renumbered by order of management council.
  327. 34-21-118. Renumbered by order of management council.
  328. 34-21-119. Renumbered by order of management council.
  329. 34-21-120. Renumbered by order of management council.
  330. 34-21-121. Renumbered by order of management council.
  331. 34-21-122. Renumbered by order of management council.
  332. 34-21-123. Renumbered by order of management council.
  333. 34-21-124. Renumbered by order of management council.
  334. 34-21-125. Renumbered by order of management council.
  335. 34-21-126. Renumbered by order of management council.
  336. 34-21-127. Renumbered by order of management council.
  337. 34-21-128. Renumbered by order of management council.
  338. 34-21-201. Renumbered by order of management council.
  339. 34-21-202. Renumbered by order of management council.
  340. 34-21-203. Renumbered by order of management council.
  341. 34-21-204. Renumbered by order of management council.
  342. 34-21-205. Renumbered by order of management council.
  343. 34-21-206. Renumbered by order of management council.
  344. 34-21-207. Renumbered by order of management council.
  345. 34-21-208. Renumbered by order of management council.
  346. 34-21-209. Renumbered by order of management council.
  347. 34-21-210. Renumbered by order of management council.
  348. 34-21-211. Renumbered by order of management council.
  349. 34-21-212. Renumbered by order of management council.
  350. 34-21-213. Renumbered by order of management council.
  351. 34-21-214. Renumbered by order of management council.
  352. 34-21-215. Renumbered by order of management council.
  353. 34-21-216. Renumbered by order of management council.
  354. 34-21-217. Renumbered by order of management council.
  355. 34-21-218. Renumbered by order of management council.
  356. 34-21-219. Renumbered by order of management council.
  357. 34-21-220. Renumbered by order of management council.
  358. 34-21-221. Renumbered by order of management council.
  359. 34-21-222. Renumbered by order of management council.
  360. 34-21-223. Renumbered by order of management council.
  361. 34-21-224. Renumbered by order of management council.
  362. 34-21-225. Renumbered by order of management council.
  363. 34-21-226. Renumbered by order of management council.
  364. 34-21-227. Renumbered by order of management council.
  365. 34-21-228. Renumbered by order of management council.
  366. 34-21-229. Renumbered by order of management council.
  367. 34-21-230. Renumbered by order of management council.
  368. 34-21-231. Renumbered by order of management council.
  369. 34-21-232. Renumbered by order of management council.
  370. 34-21-233. Renumbered by order of management council.
  371. 34-21-234. Renumbered by order of management council.
  372. 34-21-235. Renumbered by order of management council.
  373. 34-21-236. Renumbered by order of management council.
  374. 34-21-237. Renumbered by order of management council.
  375. 34-21-238. Renumbered by order of management council.
  376. 34-21-239. Renumbered by order of management council.
  377. 34-21-240. Renumbered by order of management council.
  378. 34-21-241. Renumbered by order of management council.
  379. 34-21-242. Renumbered by order of management council.
  380. 34-21-243. Renumbered by order of management council.
  381. 34-21-244. Renumbered by order of management council.
  382. 34-21-245. Renumbered by order of management council.
  383. 34-21-246. Renumbered by order of management council.
  384. 34-21-247. Renumbered by order of management council.
  385. 34-21-248. Renumbered by order of management council.
  386. 34-21-249. Renumbered by order of management council.
  387. 34-21-250. Renumbered by order of management council.
  388. 34-21-251. Renumbered by order of management council.
  389. 34-21-252. Renumbered by order of management council.
  390. 34-21-253. Renumbered by order of management council.
  391. 34-21-254. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  658. 34-21-718. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  710. 34-21-818. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  718. 34-21-826. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  724. 34-21-832. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  730. 34-21-838. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  732. 34-21-840. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  735. 34-21-843. Renumbered by order of management council.
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  809. 34-21-941. Renumbered by order of management council.
  810. 34-21-942. Renumbered by order of management council.
  811. 34-21-943. Renumbered by order of management council.
  812. 34-21-944. Renumbered by order of management council.
  813. 34-21-945. Renumbered by order of management council.
  814. 34-21-946. Renumbered by order of management council.
  815. 34-21-947. Renumbered by order of management council.
  816. 34-21-948. Renumbered by order of management council.
  817. 34-21-949. Renumbered by order of management council.
  818. 34-21-950. Renumbered by order of management council.
  819. 34-21-951. Renumbered by order of management council.
  820. 34-21-952. Renumbered by order of management council.
  821. 34-21-953. Renumbered by order of management council.
  822. 34-21-954. Renumbered by order of management council.
  823. 34-21-955. Renumbered by order of management council.
  824. 34-21-956. Renumbered by order of management council.
  825. 34-21-957. Renumbered by order of management council.
  826. 34-21-958. Renumbered by order of management council.
  827. 34-21-959. Renumbered by order of management council.
  828. 34-21-960. Renumbered by order of management council.
  829. 34-21-961. Renumbered by order of management council.
  830. 34-21-962. Renumbered by order of management council.
  831. 34-21-963. Renumbered by order of management council.
  832. 34-21-964. Renumbered by order of management council.
  833. 34-21-965. Renumbered by order of management council.
  834. 34-21-966. Renumbered by order of management council.
  835. 34-21-1001. Renumbered by order of management council.
  836. 34-21-1002. Renumbered by order of management council.
  837. 34-21-1101. Definitions.
  838. 34-21-1102. Central filing system; establishment.
  839. 34-21-1103. Filing.
  840. 34-21-1104. Termination; notice.
  841. 34-21-1105. Information requests.
  842. 34-21-1106. Sales subject to security interest; release of security interest.
  843. 34-21-1107. Fees.
  844. 34-22-101. Short title.
  845. 34-22-102. Definitions.
  846. 34-22-103. Declaration of solar rights.
  847. 34-22-104. Restrictions on solar rights.
  848. 34-22-105. County and municipal authority.
  849. 34-22-106. Recording solar rights.
  850. 34-23-101. Definitions.
  851. 34-23-102. Notice to lender.
  852. 34-23-103. Lender's duties.
  853. 34-23-104. Intent to preserve an interest.
  854. 34-23-105. Conservation or disposal of loaned property.
  855. 34-23-106. Notice of injury or loss.
  856. 34-23-107. Notice of intent to terminate loan.
  857. 34-23-108. Limitations on actions against the museum.
  858. 34-24-101. Short title; policy statement; uniform construction.
  859. 34-24-102. Definitions.
  860. 34-24-103. Property deemed abandoned; general rule.
  861. 34-24-104. General rules for taking custody of intangible unclaimed property.
  862. 34-24-105. Traveler's checks and money orders.
  863. 34-24-106. Checks, drafts and similar instruments issued or certified by banking and financial organizations.
  864. 34-24-107. Bank deposits and funds in financial organizations.
  865. 34-24-108. Funds owing under life insurance policies.
  866. 34-24-109. Deposits held by utilities.
  867. 34-24-110. Refunds and payments resulting from judicial or administrative proceedings.
  868. 34-24-111. Stock and other intangible interests in business associations.
  869. 34-24-112. Property held by agents and fiduciaries.
  870. 34-24-113. Property held by courts and public agencies.
  871. 34-24-114. Gift certificates, merchant stored value cards and credit memos.
  872. 34-24-115. Wages.
  873. 34-24-116. Contents of safe deposit box or other safekeeping repository.
  874. 34-24-117. Mineral proceeds.
  875. 34-24-118. Report of abandoned property.
  876. 34-24-119. Abandoned property lists; notice and publication of lists of abandoned property.
  877. 34-24-120. Payment or delivery of abandoned property.
  878. 34-24-121. Custody by state; holder relieved from
  879. 34-24-122. Amount recoverable by owner.
  880. 34-24-123. Public sale of abandoned property.
  881. 34-24-124. Deposit of funds; investment of funds; loans; immunity from liability.
  882. 34-24-125. Filing of claim with administrator.
  883. 34-24-126. Claim of another state to recover property; procedure.
  884. 34-24-127. Action to establish claim.
  885. 34-24-128. Delivery prior to abandonment.
  886. 34-24-129. Destruction or disposition of property having insubstantial commercial value; immunity from liability.
  887. 34-24-130. Periods of limitation.
  888. 34-24-131. Examination of records.
  889. 34-24-132. Retention of records.
  890. 34-24-133. Enforcement.
  891. 34-24-134. Interstate agreements and cooperation; joint and reciprocal actions with other states.
  892. 34-24-135. Interest and penalties.
  893. 34-24-136. Agreements to locate property.
  894. 34-24-137. Foreign transactions.
  895. 34-24-138. Effect of new provisions; clarification of application.
  896. 34-24-139. Rules.
  897. 34-24-140. Property originated or issued by this state,
  898. 34-25-101. System of plane coordinates adopted.
  899. 34-25-102. Designation of coordinates.
  900. 34-25-103. Land extending into other zones.
  901. 34-25-104. Repealed by Laws 2024, ch. 3, § 3.
  902. 34-25-105. Recording coordinates.
  903. 34-25-106. Reference to system on maps.
  904. 34-25-107. Description in other surveys; conflicts.
  905. 34-25-108. Application.
  906. 34-25-109. Definitions.
  907. 34-26-101. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  908. 34-26-102. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  909. 34-26-103. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  910. 34-26-104. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  911. 34-26-105. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  912. 34-26-106. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  913. 34-26-107. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  914. 34-26-108. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  915. 34-26-109. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  916. 34-26-201. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  917. 34-26-202. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  918. 34-26-203. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  919. 34-26-204. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  920. 34-26-205. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  921. 34-26-206. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  922. 34-26-301. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  923. 34-26-302. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  924. 34-26-303. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  925. 34-26-304. Repealed by Laws 2021, ch. 27, § 3.
  926. 34-27-101. Short title.
  927. 34-27-102. Definitions.
  928. 34-27-103. Declaration of wind energy rights.
  929. 34-27-104. Dominance of mineral estate.
  930. 34-27-105. Compensation for taking of wind or solar energy rights.
  931. 34-27-106. No restriction on transfer of wind energy agreement.
  932. 34-27-107. Reversion of easements.
  933. 34-28-101. Definitions.
  934. 34-28-102. Prohibition.
  935. 34-28-103. Recording of existing private transfer fee
  936. 34-29-101. Definitions.
  937. 34-29-102. Classification of digital assets as property;
  938. 34-29-103. Perfection of security interests in digital assets; control; possession; security agreements; location.
  939. 34-29-104. Digital asset custodial services.
  940. 34-29-105. Jurisdiction of courts.
  941. 34-29-106. Wyoming Utility Token Act; open blockchain
  942. 34-29-107. Production of private keys; prohibition.
  943. 34-29-201. Definitions.
  944. 34-29-202. Registered digital assets; limitations; certificate.
  945. 34-29-203. Application for registration; filing fee; limitations.
  946. 34-29-204. Examination of application; amendment of application.
  947. 34-29-205. Term of registration; renewals.
  948. 34-29-206. Public record of digital assets.
  949. 34-29-207. Cancellation of registration.
  950. 34-29-208. False or fraudulent representations or declarations; liability for damages sustained.
  951. 34-29-209. Powers of secretary of state; filing and other fees.
  952. 34-30-101. Short title.
  953. 34-30-102. Definitions.
  954. 34-30-103. Scope.
  955. 34-30-104. Effect of mortgage modification.
  956. 34-30-105. Uniformity of application; construction.
  957. 34-30-106. Relation to electronic signatures in global and national commerce act.
  958. 34-30-107. Applicability.

Proposed changes to this act

No one has proposed a change to this act yet.

958 provisions

34-14-103. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-104. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

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34-14-105. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-106. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-107. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

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34-14-108. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

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34-14-109. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-110. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-111. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-112. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-113. Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Repealed By Laws 2006, Chapter 55, § 2.

Propose a change

34-14-201. Short title.

This act may be cited as the "Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act."

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34-14-202. Definitions.

(a) As used in this act: (i) "Affiliate" means: (A) A person who directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person who holds the securities: (I) As a fiduciary or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities; or (II) Solely to secure a debt, if the person has not exercised the power to vote. (B) A corporation twenty percent (20%) or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to vote, by the debtor or a person who directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with the power to vote, twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person who holds the securities: (I) As a fiduciary or agent without sole power to vote the securities; or (II) Solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact exercised the power to vote. (C) A person whose business is operated by the debtor under a lease or other agreement, or a person substantially all of whose assets are controlled by the debtor; or (D) A person who operates the debtor's business under a lease or other agreement or controls substantially all of the debtor's assets. (ii) "Asset" means property of a debtor, but the term does not include: (A) Property to the extent it is encumbered by a valid lien; (B) Property to the extent it is generally exempt under nonbankruptcy law; or (C) An interest in property held in tenancy by the entireties to the extent it is not subject to process by a creditor holding a claim against only one (1) tenant. (iii) "Claim" means a right to payment, whether or not the right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured; (iv) "Creditor" means a person who has a claim; (v) "Debt" means liability on a claim; (vi) "Debtor" means a person who is liable on a claim; (vii) "Insider" includes: (A) If the debtor is an individual: (I) A relative of the debtor or of a general partner of the debtor; (II) A partnership in which the debtor is a general partner; (III) A general partner in a partnership described in subdivision (A)(II) of this paragraph; (IV) A corporation of which the debtor is a director, officer or person in control; (V) An incorporated business organization, other than a partnership, in which the debtor is a member, partner, manager or other participant, when the debtor's participation includes the right to conduct the business of the organization or the debtor controls the organization; or (VI) An individual, as described in subdivision (A)(I) of this paragraph, who participates in an unincorporated business organization, other than a partnership, and who has the right to conduct the business of the organization or who controls the organization. (B) If the debtor is a corporation: (I) A director of the debtor; (II) An officer of the debtor; (III) A person in control of the debtor; (IV) A partnership in which the debtor is a general partner; (V) A general partner in a partnership described in subdivision (A)(IV) of this paragraph; or (VI) A relative of a general partner, director, officer or person in control of the debtor. (C) If the debtor is a partnership: (I) A general partner in the debtor; (II) A relative of a general partner in or a general partner of, or a person in control of the debtor; (III) Another partnership in which the debtor is a general partner; (IV) A general partner in a partnership described in subdivision (C)(III) of this paragraph; or (V) A person in control of the debtor. (D) An affiliate, or an insider of an affiliate as if the affiliate were the debtor; (E) A managing agent of the debtor; and (F) If the debtor is an unincorporated business organization other than a partnership: (I) A member, partner, manager or participant who has the right to conduct business of the organization; (II) A person who controls the organization; or (III) A relative of a person described in subdivision (F)(I) and (F)(II). (viii) "Lien" means a charge against or an interest in property to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation, and includes a security interest created by agreement, a judicial lien obtained by legal or equitable process or proceedings, a common-law lien or a statutory lien; (ix) "Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, organization, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, or any other legal or commercial entity; (x) "Property" means anything that may be the subject of ownership; (xi) "Relative" means an individual related by consanguinity within the third degree as determined by the common law, a spouse, or an individual related to a spouse within the third degree as so determined, and includes an individual in an adoptive relationship within the third degree; (xii) "Transfer" means every mode, direct or indirect, absolute or conditional, voluntary or involuntary, of disposing of or parting with an asset or an interest in an asset, and includes payment of money, release, lease and creation of a lien or other encumbrance; (xiii) "Valid lien" means a lien that is effective against the holder of a judicial lien subsequently obtained by legal or equitable process or proceedings.

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34-14-203. Insolvency.

(a) A debtor is insolvent if the sum of the debtor's debt is greater than all of the debtor's assets, at a fair valuation. (b) A debtor who is generally not paying his debts as they become due is presumed to be insolvent. (c) A partnership is insolvent under subsection (a) of this section if the sum of the partnership's debts is greater than the aggregate of all of the partnership's assets, at a fair valuation, and the sum of the excess of the value of each general partner's nonpartnership assets over the partner's nonpartnership debts. (d) Assets under this section do not include property that has been transferred, concealed, or removed with intent to hinder, delay or defraud creditors or that has been transferred in a manner making the transfer voidable under this act. (e) Debts under this section do not include an obligation to the extent it is secured by a valid lien on property of the debtor not included as an asset.

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34-14-204. Value.

(a) Value is given for a transfer or an obligation if, in exchange for the transfer or obligation, property is transferred or an antecedent debt is secured or satisfied, but value does not include an unperformed promise made otherwise than in the ordinary course of the promisor's business to furnish support to the debtor or another person. (b) For the purposes of W.S. 34-14-205(a)(ii) and 34-14-206, a person gives a reasonably equivalent value if the person acquires an interest of the debtor in an asset pursuant to a regularly conducted, noncollusive foreclosure sale or execution of a power of sale for the acquisition or disposition of the interest of the debtor upon default under a mortgage, deed of trust or security agreement. (c) A transfer is made for present value if the exchange between the debtor and the transferee is intended by them to be contemporaneous and is in fact substantially contemporaneous.

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34-14-205. Transfers fraudulent as to present and future creditors.

(a) A transfer made or obligation incurred by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor, whether the creditor's claim arose before or after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred, if the debtor made the transfer or incurred the obligation: (i) With actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud any creditor of the debtor; or (ii) Without receiving a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the transfer or obligation, and the debtor: (A) Was engaged or was about to engage in a business or a transaction for which the remaining assets of the debtor were unreasonably small in relation to the business or transaction; or (B) Intended to incur, or believed or reasonably should have believed that he would incur, debts beyond his ability to pay as they became due. (b) In determining actual intent under paragraph (a)(i) of this section, consideration may be given, among other factors, to whether: (i) The transfer or obligation was to an insider; (ii) The debtor retained possession or control of the property transferred after the transfer; (iii) The transfer or obligation was disclosed or concealed; (iv) Before the transfer was made or obligation was incurred, the debtor had been sued or threatened with suit; (v) The transfer was of substantially all the debtor's assets; (vi) The debtor absconded; (vii) The debtor removed or concealed assets; (viii) The value of the consideration received by the debtor was reasonably equivalent to the value of the asset transferred or the amount of the obligation incurred; (ix) The debtor was insolvent or became insolvent shortly after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred; (x) The transfer occurred shortly before or shortly after a substantial debt was incurred; and (xi) The debtor transferred the essential assets of the business to a lienor who transferred the assets to an insider of the debtor.

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34-14-206. Transfers fraudulent as to present creditors.

(a) A transfer made or obligation incurred by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor whose claim arose before the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred if the debtor made the transfer or incurred the obligation without receiving a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the transfer or obligation and the debtor was insolvent at that time or the debtor became insolvent as a result of the transfer or obligation. (b) A transfer made by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor whose claim arose before the transfer was made if the transfer was made to an insider for an antecedent debt, the debtor was insolvent at that time, and the insider had reasonable cause to believe that the debtor was insolvent.

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34-14-207. When transfer is made or obligation is incurred.

(a) For purposes of this act: (i) A transfer is made: (A) With respect to an asset that is real property other than a fixture, but including the interest of a seller or purchaser under a contract for the sale of the asset, when the transfer is so far perfected that a good-faith purchaser of the asset from the debtor against whom applicable law permits the transfer to be perfected cannot acquire an interest in the asset that is superior to the interest of the transferee; and (B) With respect to an asset that is not real property or that is a fixture, when the transfer is so far perfected that a creditor on a simple contract cannot acquire a judicial lien otherwise than under this act that is superior to the interest of the transferee. (b) If applicable law permits the transfer to be perfected as provided in subsection (a) of this section and the transfer is not so perfected before the commencement of an action for relief under this act, the transfer is deemed made immediately before the commencement of the action. (c) If applicable law does not permit the transfer to be perfected as provided in subsection (a) of this section, the transfer is made when it becomes effective between the debtor and the transferee. (d) A transfer is not made until the debtor has acquired rights in the asset transferred. (e) An obligation is incurred: (i) If oral, when it becomes effective between the parties; or (ii) If evidenced by a writing, when the writing executed by the obligor is delivered to or for the benefit of the obligee.

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34-14-208. Remedies of creditors.

(a) In an action for relief against a transfer or obligation under this act, a creditor, subject to the limitations in W.S. 34-14-209, may obtain: (i) Avoidance of the transfer or obligation to the extent necessary to satisfy the creditor's claim; (ii) An attachment or other provisional remedy against the asset transferred or other property of the transferee in accordance with the procedure prescribed by law; (iii) Subject to applicable principles of equity and in accordance with applicable rules of civil procedure: (A) An injunction against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property; (B) Appointment of a receiver to take charge of the asset transferred or of the other property of the transferee; or (C) Any other relief the circumstances may require. (b) If a creditor has obtained a judgment on a claim against the debtor, the creditor, if the court so orders, may levy execution on the asset transferred or its proceeds.

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34-14-209. Defenses, liability and protection of transferee.

(a) A transfer or obligation is not voidable under W.S. 34-14-205(a)(i) against a person who took in good faith and for a reasonably equivalent value or against any subsequent transferee or obligee. (b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, to the extent a transfer is voidable in an action by a creditor under W.S. 34-14-208(a)(i), the creditor may recover judgment for the value of the asset transferred, as adjusted under subsection (c) of this section, or the amount necessary to satisfy the creditor's claim, whichever is less. The judgment may be entered against: (i) The first transferee of the asset or the person for whose benefit the transfer was made; or (ii) Any subsequent transferee other than a good-faith transferee or obligee who took for value or from any subsequent transferee or obligee. (c) If the judgment under subsection (b) of this section is based upon the value of the asset transferred, the judgment must be for an amount equal to the value of the asset at the time of the transfer, subject to adjustment as the equities may require. (d) Notwithstanding voidability of a transfer or an obligation under this act, a good-faith transferee or obligee is entitled, to the extent of the value given the debtor for the transfer or obligation, to: (i) A lien on or a right to retain any interest in the asset transferred; (ii) Enforcement of any obligation incurred; or (iii) A reduction in the amount of the liability on the judgment. (e) A transfer is not voidable under W.S. 34-14-205(a)(ii) or 34-14-206 if the transfer results from: (i) Termination of a lease upon default by the debtor when the termination is pursuant to the lease and applicable law; or (ii) Enforcement of a security interest in compliance with article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code. (f) A transfer is not voidable under W.S. 34-14-206(b): (i) To the extent the insider gave a new value to or for the benefit of the debtor after the transfer was made unless the new value was secured by a valid lien; (ii) If made in the ordinary course of business or financial affairs of the debtor and the insider; or (iii) If made pursuant to a good-faith effort to rehabilitate the debtor and the transfer secured present value given for that purpose as well as an antecedent debt of the debtor.

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34-14-210. Extinguishment of claim for relief.

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a claim for relief with respect to a fraudulent transfer or obligation under this act is extinguished unless an action is brought: (i) Under W.S. 34-14-205(a)(i), within two (2) years after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred or, if later, within six (6) months after the transfer or obligation was or could reasonably have been discovered by the claimant; (ii) Under W.S. 34-14-205(a)(ii) or 34-14-206(a), within two (2) years after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred; or (iii) Under W.S. 34-14-206(b), within six (6) months after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred. (b) A claim for relief with respect to a fraudulent transfer or obligation under this act involving qualified transfers to a qualified spendthrift trust as provided by W.S. 4-10-510 through 4-10-515 or involving transfers to an irrevocable discretionary trust, provided that the trustee may only make discretionary distributions under W.S. 4-10-506(c), is extinguished unless an action is brought: (i) With respect to a creditor known to the settlor, one hundred twenty (120) days after the date on which notice of the transfer is mailed to the creditor, provided that the notice states: (A) The name and address of the settlor or the settlor's representative and the name and address of the trustee or the trustee's representative; (B) That assets were transferred to a qualified spendthrift trust or to an irrevocable trust where the trustee can only make discretionary distributions; and (C) That the creditor is required to initiate an action against the settlor and the trustee within one hundred twenty (120) days from the mailing of the notice or the claim is forever barred. (ii) With respect to a creditor not known to the settlor, one hundred twenty (120) days after the date on which notice of the transfer is first published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the settlor resides, provided that the notice includes the information required in paragraph (i) of this subsection; (iii) Notwithstanding paragraphs (i) and (ii) of this subsection, within the later of two (2) years after the transfer is made or six (6) months after the transfer is or reasonably could have been discovered by the creditor if the creditor can demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that the creditor asserted a specific claim against the settlor before the transfer.

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34-14-211. Supplementary provisions.

Unless displaced by the provisions of this act, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relating to principal and agent, estoppel, laches, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, insolvency, or other validating or invalidating cause, supplement its provisions.

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34-14-212. Uniformity of application and construction.

This act shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this act among states enacting it.

Propose a change

34-15-101. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Propose a change

34-15-102. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Propose a change

34-15-103. Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Repealed By Laws 2001, Ch. 93, § 1.

Propose a change

34-16-101. Order bill of lading.

(a) Whenever any common carrier, railroad or transportation company (hereinafter termed carrier), shall issue a bill of lading for the transportation of property from one (1) place to another within this state, or between places one (1) of which is within this state, which bill shall be, or purport to be drawn to the order of the shipper or other specified person, or which shall contain any statement or representation that the property described therein is, or may be deliverable upon the order of any person therein mentioned, such bill shall be known as an "order bill of lading" and shall conform to the following requirements: (i) In connection with the name of the person to whose order the property is deliverable, the words "order of" shall prominently appear in print on the face of the bill thus: "Consigned to order of ...."; (ii) The bill shall be printed on yellow paper eight and one-half (8 1/2) inches by eleven (11) inches long; (iii) It shall contain on its face the following provision: "The surrender of this original order bill of lading properly endorsed shall be required before delivery of the property"; (iv) It shall not contain the words: "Not negotiable", or words of similar import. If such words are placed on an order bill of lading, they shall be void and of no effect; (v) Nothing herein shall be construed to prohibit the insertion in an order bill of lading of other terms or conditions not inconsistent with the provisions of this act, but it shall be unlawful to insert in such bill any terms or conditions contrary to, or inconsistent with such provisions.

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34-16-102. Straight bill of lading.

(a) Whenever a bill of lading is issued by a carrier for the transportation of property from one (1) place to another within this state, or between places one (1) of which is within this state, in which the property described therein is stated to be consigned or deliverable to a specified person, without any statement or representation that such property is consigned or deliverable to the order of any person, such bill shall be known as a "straight bill of lading", and shall contain the following requirements: (i) The bill shall be printed on white paper eight and one-half (8 1/2) inches wide by eleven (11) inches long; (ii) The bill shall have prominently stamped upon its face the words, "not negotiable"; (iii) Nothing herein shall be construed to prohibit the insertion in a straight bill of lading of other terms or conditions not inconsistent with the provisions of this act; but it shall be unlawful to insert in such bill any term or conditions contrary to or inconsistent with such provisions.

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34-16-103. Penalty for violation of W.S. 34-16-101 and 34-16-102.

Every carrier or officer, agent or servant of a carrier, who shall knowingly violate any of the requirements stated in W.S. 34-16-101(a)(i) through (v) and 34-16-102(a)(i) through (iii), shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punishable by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) or imprisonment not more than one (1) year, or both.

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34-16-104. Issuance by carrier before receipt of goods prohibited; duplicates.

It shall be unlawful for any carrier, or for any officer, agent or servant of a carrier, to issue an order bill of lading or a straight bill of lading, as defined by this act, until the whole of the property as described therein shall have been actually received and is at the time under the actual control of such carrier, to be transported; or to issue a second or duplicate order bill of lading or straight bill of lading for the same property, in whole or in part, for which a former bill of lading has been issued, and remains outstanding and uncancelled, without prominently marking across the face of the same the word "duplicate".

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34-16-105. Prohibited acts; penalty for violation of W.S.

34-16-104. Every carrier, or officer, agent or servant of a carrier, who knowingly violates the provisions of W.S. 34-16-104, and every person who negotiates or transfers for value a bill of lading known by him to have been issued in violation of section 4 shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction, shall be punished by fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000.00) or imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years, or both. And every carrier, who himself, or by his officer, agent or servant authorized to issue bills of lading, issues a false or duplicate bill of lading in violation of the provisions of section 4, shall be estopped, as against all and every person or persons injured thereby who shall acquire any such false or duplicate bill of lading in good faith and for value, to deny the receipt of the property as described therein, or to assert that a former bill of lading has been issued and remains outstanding and uncancelled for the same property, as the case may be; and the issuing carrier shall be liable to any and every such person for all damages, immediate or consequential, which he or they may have sustained because of reliance upon the bill, whether the person or persons guilty of issuing or negotiating the bill shall have been convicted under this section or not.

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34-16-106. Penalty for fraudulent negotiations.

Every person who receives from a carrier and fraudulently negotiates for value an order or straight bill of lading representing property to which he had no, or encumbered, title at the time of the negotiation of such bill, shall be guilty of a felony, and upon conviction shall be punished by fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years, or both.

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34-17-101. Issue of receipt for goods not received.

A warehouseman, or any officer, agent, or servant of a warehouseman, who issues or aids in issuing a receipt knowing that the goods for which such receipt is issued have not been actually received by such warehouseman, or are not under his actual control at the time of issuing such receipt, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years, or by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or by both.

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34-17-102. Issue of receipt containing false statement.

A warehouseman, or any officer, agent or servant of a warehouseman, who fraudulently issues or aids in fraudulently issuing a receipt for goods knowing that it contains any false statement, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), or by both.

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34-17-103. Issue of unmarked duplicates; exception.

A warehouseman, or any officer, agent, or servant of a warehouseman, who issues or aids in issuing a duplicate or additional negotiable receipt for goods knowing that a former negotiable receipt for the same goods or any part of them is outstanding and uncancelled, without plainly placing upon the face thereof the word "duplicate" except in the case of a lost or destroyed receipt after proceedings as provided for in section 14, shall be guilty of a crime and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years or by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or by both.

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34-17-104. Issue of receipts fraudulently stating ownership.

Where there are deposited with or held by a warehouseman goods of which he is owner, either solely or jointly or in common with others, such warehouseman, or any of his officers, agents, or servants who, knowing this ownership, issues or aids in issuing a negotiable receipt for such goods which does not state such ownership, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), or by both.

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34-17-105. Delivery of goods without obtaining negotiable receipt.

A warehouseman, or any officer, agent, or servant of a warehouseman who delivers goods out of the possession of such warehouseman, knowing that a negotiable receipt the negotiation of which would transfer the right to the possession of such goods, is outstanding and uncancelled, without obtaining the possession of such receipt at or before the time of such delivery, shall, except in the cases provided for in sections 14 and 36, be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), or by both.

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34-17-106. Fraudulent negotiation of receipt for mortgaged goods.

Any person who deposits goods to which he has no title, or upon which there is a lien or mortgage, and who takes for such goods a negotiable receipt which he afterwards negotiates for value with intent to deceive and without disclosing his want of title or the existence of the lien or mortgage shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) or by both.

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34-18-101. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.

Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.

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34-18-102. Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.

Renumbered by Laws 1979, ch. 142, § 3; 1980, ch. 54, § 1.

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Title 34 Property, Conveyances and Security Transactions