Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2000

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2000's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$911.53B · 46.4% of GDP
Spending
$945.25B · 48.1% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$33.72B · -1.7% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2000: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2000: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection41.4$391.37B
General public services14.2$134.05B
Health13.4$126.55B
Economic affairs11.1$105.1B
Education8.4$79.34B
Public order and safety3.2$30.55B
Recreation, culture and religion2.6$24.38B
Defence2.3$21.92B
Housing and community amenities1.9$18.32B
Environmental protection1.4$13.68B
Social protection$391.37B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age46.4$181.45B
Sickness and disability13.5$52.8B
Unemployment12.3$48.12B
Survivors11.8$46.31B
Family and children7$27.53B
Social exclusion n.e.c.4.1$15.97B
Social protection n.e.c.4$15.73B
Housing0.9$3.41B
R&D Social protection0$34.17M
General public services$134.05B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Public debt transactions49.3$66.02B
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs25.7$34.45B
General services12.2$16.38B
Basic research9.1$12.2B
Foreign economic aid2.5$3.34B
General public services n.e.c.1.1$1.46B
R&D General public services0.1$194.88M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Health$126.55B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services39.8$50.39B
Outpatient services28.4$35.98B
Medical products, appliances and equipment23.1$29.25B
Health n.e.c.7$8.81B
R&D Health1$1.23B
Public health services0.7$885.73M
Economic affairs$105.1B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport47.3$49.69B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs22.9$24.11B
Fuel and energy6.2$6.54B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting6.1$6.44B
Mining, manufacturing and construction5.2$5.47B
Other industries4.8$5.07B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.7$4.94B
R&D Economic affairs2.6$2.69B
Communication0.1$149.62M
Education$79.34B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education44.2$35.05B
Pre-primary and primary education24.8$19.67B
Tertiary education20.8$16.48B
Subsidiary services to education3.6$2.86B
Education not definable by level3.6$2.82B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.5$1.22B
Education n.e.c.1.4$1.1B
R&D Education0.2$144.08M
Public order and safety$30.55B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services48.3$14.76B
Law courts27$8.24B
Fire-protection services12.8$3.9B
Prisons7$2.13B
Public order and safety n.e.c.5$1.51B
R&D Public order and safety0$0
Recreation, culture and religion$24.38B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services33.3$8.11B
Broadcasting and publishing services30.7$7.49B
Recreational and sporting services27.2$6.63B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion3.4$833.09M
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.3$724.1M
Religious and other community services2.5$600.34M
Defence$21.92B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence85.1$18.65B
Foreign military aid8.6$1.89B
R&D Defence4.4$972.55M
Defence n.e.c.1.3$284.47M
Civil defence0.5$118.22M
Housing and community amenities$18.32B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Housing development53.8$9.86B
Community development26.4$4.84B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.9.5$1.74B
Street lighting5.1$933.76M
Water supply4.6$840.48M
R&D Housing and community amenities0.6$102.52M
Environmental protection$13.68B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste water management35.5$4.85B
Waste management34.5$4.72B
Pollution abatement12$1.65B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape7.6$1.04B
Environmental protection n.e.c.6.6$898.66M
R&D Environmental protection3.8$519.99M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2000: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2000: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions38.8$353.51B
Taxes on income and wealth27.2$247.53B
Taxes on sales, production and imports23.2$211.86B
Sales, fees and charges6.4$58.33B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.9$17.07B
Other transfers received1.6$14.94B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.8$7.37B
Subsidies received0.1$921.75M
Taxes on income and wealth$247.53B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income95.6$236.75B
Other taxes on wealth and income4.4$10.78B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$211.86B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax61$129.31B
Not broken down, or fitting no category39$82.55B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

Change it

Think this money should be raised or spent differently? Draft it as a proposal: a proposal is evidence of support, handed to whoever decides, never law.

Propose a change to this budgetCompare one function across countries →