Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2003

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2003's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.13T · 44.7% of GDP
Spending
$1.23T · 48.5% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$97.07B · -3.8% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2003: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2003: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection42.7$525.53B
Health13.9$170.83B
General public services13.5$166.58B
Economic affairs10$122.9B
Education8.5$104.89B
Public order and safety3.3$40.26B
Recreation, culture and religion2.4$30B
Defence2.2$27.26B
Housing and community amenities2.1$26.32B
Environmental protection1.2$15.16B
Social protection$525.53B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age47.2$247.93B
Sickness and disability13.4$70.32B
Unemployment13.1$68.58B
Survivors10.8$56.83B
Family and children6.9$36.03B
Social protection n.e.c.3.9$20.4B
Social exclusion n.e.c.3.7$19.42B
Housing1.1$5.96B
R&D Social protection0$53.17M
Health$170.83B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services38.7$66.14B
Outpatient services29.2$49.88B
Medical products, appliances and equipment23.6$40.33B
Health n.e.c.6.9$11.71B
R&D Health0.9$1.58B
Public health services0.7$1.19B
General public services$166.58B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Public debt transactions46.3$77.12B
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs25.2$41.92B
General services13.2$22B
Basic research10.6$17.69B
Foreign economic aid2.7$4.45B
General public services n.e.c.1.9$3.14B
R&D General public services0.2$261.31M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$122.9B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport47.7$58.68B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs23.5$28.85B
Fuel and energy7.6$9.31B
Mining, manufacturing and construction5.9$7.23B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting5.7$7.05B
Other industries3.6$4.36B
Economic affairs n.e.c.3$3.71B
R&D Economic affairs2.9$3.55B
Communication0.1$159.5M
Education$104.89B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education43.9$46.06B
Pre-primary and primary education25.7$27B
Tertiary education20.4$21.38B
Subsidiary services to education3.7$3.85B
Education not definable by level3.1$3.23B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.7$1.82B
Education n.e.c.1.3$1.36B
R&D Education0.2$183.25M
Public order and safety$40.26B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services48.2$19.42B
Law courts26.8$10.81B
Fire-protection services12.9$5.19B
Prisons7.1$2.87B
Public order and safety n.e.c.4.9$1.98B
R&D Public order and safety0$4.52M
Recreation, culture and religion$30B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services33.4$10.02B
Broadcasting and publishing services30.8$9.23B
Recreational and sporting services26.5$7.96B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion3.9$1.17B
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2.9$873.29M
Religious and other community services2.5$749.99M
Defence$27.26B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence86.5$23.58B
Foreign military aid7.7$2.11B
R&D Defence4.1$1.12B
Defence n.e.c.1.2$340.49M
Civil defence0.4$119.91M
Housing and community amenities$26.32B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Housing development60$15.79B
Community development23.1$6.09B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.8.7$2.28B
Street lighting4.4$1.15B
Water supply3.3$866.5M
R&D Housing and community amenities0.5$130.09M
Environmental protection$15.16B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste water management31.7$4.81B
Waste management31.2$4.73B
Pollution abatement15.4$2.33B
Environmental protection n.e.c.9.3$1.41B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape7.7$1.17B
R&D Environmental protection4.7$710.39M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2003: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2003: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions40.1$454.62B
Taxes on sales, production and imports24.1$272.59B
Taxes on income and wealth23.7$269B
Sales, fees and charges6.9$78.33B
Other transfers received1.9$20.97B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.6$18.64B
Capital transfers and taxes received1.6$17.91B
Subsidies received0.1$587.09M
Taxes on sales, production and imports$272.59B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax56.9$155.2B
Not broken down, or fitting no category43.1$117.4B
Taxes on income and wealth$269B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income94.8$254.94B
Other taxes on wealth and income5.2$14.06B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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