Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2002

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2002's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$928.38B · 44.1% of GDP
Spending
$1.01T · 48.2% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$85.91B · -4.1% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2002: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2002: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection42.1$427.22B
General public services13.8$139.91B
Health13.8$139.76B
Economic affairs10.3$104.87B
Education8.6$87.09B
Public order and safety3.3$33.63B
Recreation, culture and religion2.5$25.49B
Defence2.2$22.38B
Housing and community amenities2.1$21.17B
Environmental protection1.3$12.76B
Social protection$427.22B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age46.9$200.58B
Sickness and disability13.7$58.47B
Unemployment12.6$53.96B
Survivors11.2$48.04B
Family and children6.8$29.25B
Social protection n.e.c.3.9$16.83B
Social exclusion n.e.c.3.5$15.16B
Housing1.1$4.89B
R&D Social protection0$40.66M
General public services$139.91B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Public debt transactions47.6$66.61B
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs23.9$33.38B
General services13.2$18.49B
Basic research10.3$14.48B
Foreign economic aid3$4.26B
General public services n.e.c.1.8$2.49B
R&D General public services0.2$209.92M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Health$139.76B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services39.2$54.81B
Outpatient services28.9$40.45B
Medical products, appliances and equipment23.4$32.68B
Health n.e.c.6.9$9.58B
R&D Health0.9$1.31B
Public health services0.7$926.69M
Economic affairs$104.87B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport49.5$51.89B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs23.4$24.56B
Fuel and energy6.3$6.61B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting5.8$6.08B
Mining, manufacturing and construction5.5$5.78B
Other industries3.5$3.7B
Economic affairs n.e.c.3.1$3.23B
R&D Economic affairs2.7$2.87B
Communication0.1$147.51M
Education$87.09B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education44.4$38.68B
Pre-primary and primary education25.9$22.52B
Tertiary education20.3$17.67B
Subsidiary services to education3.2$2.83B
Education not definable by level3$2.62B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.7$1.51B
Education n.e.c.1.3$1.11B
R&D Education0.2$153.19M
Public order and safety$33.63B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services48$16.16B
Law courts27$9.07B
Fire-protection services13$4.36B
Prisons7.2$2.41B
Public order and safety n.e.c.4.9$1.63B
R&D Public order and safety0$0
Recreation, culture and religion$25.49B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services32.6$8.32B
Broadcasting and publishing services31.5$8.03B
Recreational and sporting services26.7$6.82B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion3.6$916.29M
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.3$774.45M
Religious and other community services2.5$630.72M
Defence$22.38B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence85.1$19.05B
Foreign military aid9.2$2.05B
R&D Defence3.8$850.09M
Defence n.e.c.1.2$276.12M
Civil defence0.7$152.24M
Housing and community amenities$21.17B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Housing development58$12.28B
Community development24.2$5.13B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.9$1.91B
Street lighting4.6$976.8M
Water supply3.6$764.04M
R&D Housing and community amenities0.5$106.85M
Environmental protection$12.76B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste water management32.7$4.17B
Waste management30$3.83B
Pollution abatement15.4$1.97B
Environmental protection n.e.c.9.1$1.16B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape8.1$1.03B
R&D Environmental protection4.6$587.22M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2002: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2002: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions40.2$372.86B
Taxes on income and wealth24.2$224.36B
Taxes on sales, production and imports24$222.59B
Sales, fees and charges6.8$63.51B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)2.1$19.58B
Other transfers received1.8$17.01B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.8$7.84B
Subsidies received0.1$649.63M
Taxes on income and wealth$224.36B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income94.7$212.44B
Other taxes on wealth and income5.3$11.92B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$222.59B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax58.1$129.34B
Not broken down, or fitting no category41.9$93.25B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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