Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2010

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2010's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.52T · 43.7% of GDP
Spending
$1.67T · 48.1% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$153.28B · -4.4% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2010: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2010: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection40.8$681.2B
Health14.2$237.71B
General public services13.8$231.01B
Economic affairs12.1$201.76B
Education9$150B
Public order and safety3.2$53.04B
Recreation, culture and religion2.4$39.23B
Defence2.2$36.18B
Housing and community amenities1.2$19.92B
Environmental protection1.1$18.62B
Social protection$681.2B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age47.9$326.63B
Sickness and disability14.1$96.25B
Unemployment12.1$82.45B
Survivors9.8$66.72B
Family and children8.2$55.79B
Social protection n.e.c.4$27B
Housing2.4$16.6B
Social exclusion n.e.c.1.4$9.66B
R&D Social protection0$102.08M
Health$237.71B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services39.4$93.7B
Outpatient services28.7$68.18B
Medical products, appliances and equipment23.4$55.53B
Health n.e.c.6.6$15.72B
R&D Health1.1$2.53B
Public health services0.9$2.06B
General public services$231.01B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Public debt transactions38.1$88.03B
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs25.5$58.97B
General services16.4$37.82B
Basic research12.7$29.36B
Foreign economic aid5.2$11.96B
General public services n.e.c.1.9$4.42B
R&D General public services0.2$440.13M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$201.76B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
General economic, commercial and labour affairs37.2$75.05B
Transport34.7$69.92B
Fuel and energy8.9$17.95B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.8$9.76B
Mining, manufacturing and construction4$7.97B
R&D Economic affairs3.7$7.47B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting3.6$7.35B
Other industries2.6$5.3B
Communication0.5$983.67M
Education$150B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education38.8$58.22B
Pre-primary and primary education26.6$39.86B
Tertiary education20.7$31.05B
Subsidiary services to education8.6$12.92B
Education not definable by level2.3$3.46B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.7$2.5B
Education n.e.c.1.1$1.72B
R&D Education0.2$289M
Public order and safety$53.04B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services47.5$25.18B
Law courts26.6$14.1B
Fire-protection services14.1$7.46B
Prisons6.8$3.61B
Public order and safety n.e.c.5$2.66B
R&D Public order and safety0.1$33.14M
Recreation, culture and religion$39.23B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services33.1$13B
Broadcasting and publishing services30$11.76B
Recreational and sporting services27.3$10.71B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion4.7$1.86B
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2.6$1.01B
Religious and other community services2.3$890.87M
Defence$36.18B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence87.2$31.56B
Foreign military aid6.5$2.36B
R&D Defence4.4$1.61B
Defence n.e.c.1.3$462.67M
Civil defence0.5$188.25M
Housing and community amenities$19.92B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Housing development40.6$8.08B
Community development38$7.56B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.11.1$2.21B
Water supply4.9$966.44M
Street lighting4.3$860.38M
R&D Housing and community amenities1.2$241.28M
Environmental protection$18.62B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management32.6$6.07B
Waste water management26.6$4.96B
Pollution abatement18.5$3.45B
Environmental protection n.e.c.8.3$1.54B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape7.7$1.44B
R&D Environmental protection6.3$1.17B

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2010: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2010: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions37.3$565.4B
Taxes on sales, production and imports25.1$380.59B
Taxes on income and wealth24.6$372.23B
Sales, fees and charges8.5$128.14B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.9$28.41B
Other transfers received1.8$26.88B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.8$12.73B
Subsidies received0.1$1.02B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$380.59B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax62.8$238.91B
Not broken down, or fitting no category37.2$141.68B
Taxes on income and wealth$372.23B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income95.1$353.98B
Other taxes on wealth and income4.9$18.25B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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