Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2014

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2014's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.79T · 45.2% of GDP
Spending
$1.76T · 44.5% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
$29B · 0.7% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2014: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2014: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection41.4$729.71B
Health15.7$277.32B
General public services13.8$243.71B
Economic affairs9.8$173.15B
Education9.4$165.96B
Public order and safety3.4$60.17B
Recreation, culture and religion2.3$40.58B
Defence2.1$36.62B
Environmental protection1.3$22.06B
Housing and community amenities0.9$15.41B
Social protection$729.71B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age48.8$356.4B
Sickness and disability16.4$119.71B
Survivors9.8$71.75B
Unemployment9.3$67.81B
Family and children8.3$60.93B
Social protection n.e.c.3.7$27.14B
Social exclusion n.e.c.2$14.33B
Housing1.6$11.56B
R&D Social protection0$91.67M
Health$277.32B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services38.7$107.43B
Outpatient services29.4$81.41B
Medical products, appliances and equipment22.4$62.24B
Health n.e.c.7.6$21.07B
R&D Health1$2.78B
Public health services0.9$2.39B
General public services$243.71B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs30.9$75.26B
Public debt transactions28$68.31B
General services17.6$42.83B
Basic research15.3$37.38B
Foreign economic aid6.2$15.03B
General public services n.e.c.1.8$4.48B
R&D General public services0.2$410.51M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$173.15B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport46.9$81.16B
Fuel and energy19.1$33.1B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs12.8$22.12B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting4.7$8.19B
R&D Economic affairs4.5$7.82B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.2$7.24B
Other industries3.7$6.41B
Mining, manufacturing and construction3.6$6.29B
Communication0.5$823.67M
Education$165.96B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education37.1$61.55B
Pre-primary and primary education29.1$48.35B
Tertiary education20.3$33.67B
Subsidiary services to education8.6$14.3B
Education not definable by level2$3.35B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.6$2.64B
Education n.e.c.1.1$1.83B
R&D Education0.2$256.4M
Public order and safety$60.17B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services47.7$28.72B
Law courts26$15.64B
Fire-protection services14.9$8.96B
Prisons6.6$3.97B
Public order and safety n.e.c.4.8$2.87B
R&D Public order and safety0$18.6M
Recreation, culture and religion$40.58B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services37.5$15.22B
Broadcasting and publishing services29.5$11.97B
Recreational and sporting services24.1$9.77B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion4.7$1.9B
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2.1$871.5M
Religious and other community services2.1$847.58M
Defence$36.62B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence87.2$31.94B
Foreign military aid8.1$2.98B
R&D Defence3.4$1.26B
Defence n.e.c.0.9$317.51M
Civil defence0.3$124.88M
Environmental protection$22.06B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management30.4$6.71B
Waste water management25.8$5.68B
Pollution abatement22$4.86B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape8.5$1.87B
Environmental protection n.e.c.7.5$1.65B
R&D Environmental protection5.8$1.28B
Housing and community amenities$15.41B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Community development52.3$8.05B
Housing development19.6$3.02B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.15$2.31B
Water supply7.3$1.13B
Street lighting4.4$682.85M
R&D Housing and community amenities1.4$217.87M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2014: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2014: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions35.7$640.78B
Taxes on income and wealth26.2$469.68B
Taxes on sales, production and imports25$448.74B
Sales, fees and charges8.4$151.41B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)2$36.18B
Other transfers received1.7$30.03B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.9$16.51B
Subsidies received0$349.4M
Taxes on income and wealth$469.68B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income95.8$450.1B
Other taxes on wealth and income4.2$19.59B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$448.74B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax60.1$269.8B
Not broken down, or fitting no category39.9$178.95B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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