Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2015

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2015's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.55T · 45.4% of GDP
Spending
$1.52T · 44.5% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
$31.33B · 0.9% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2015: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2015: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection42.1$640.76B
Health15.8$241.1B
General public services13.1$200.26B
Economic affairs9.8$150.01B
Education9.3$142.43B
Public order and safety3.4$51.32B
Recreation, culture and religion2.3$34.38B
Defence2.1$32.06B
Environmental protection1.2$18.52B
Housing and community amenities0.8$12.83B
Social protection$640.76B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age48.5$311.04B
Sickness and disability15.9$102.11B
Survivors9.7$62.38B
Unemployment8.8$56.34B
Family and children8.6$55.13B
Social protection n.e.c.3.9$24.83B
Social exclusion n.e.c.2.9$18.46B
Housing1.6$10.37B
R&D Social protection0$85.43M
Health$241.1B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services38.8$93.56B
Outpatient services29.7$71.66B
Medical products, appliances and equipment22.6$54.53B
Health n.e.c.7$16.77B
R&D Health1$2.47B
Public health services0.9$2.11B
General public services$200.26B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs31.2$62.46B
Public debt transactions25.8$51.73B
General services18.5$36.96B
Basic research16.1$32.31B
Foreign economic aid6.3$12.54B
General public services n.e.c.1.9$3.89B
R&D General public services0.2$371.68M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$150.01B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport46.7$70.04B
Fuel and energy19.9$29.91B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs11.8$17.73B
R&D Economic affairs4.7$7.06B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.6$6.85B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting4.3$6.49B
Mining, manufacturing and construction3.8$5.71B
Other industries3.8$5.7B
Communication0.3$514.81M
Education$142.43B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education36.6$52.15B
Pre-primary and primary education29.3$41.76B
Tertiary education20.7$29.48B
Subsidiary services to education8.4$11.9B
Education not definable by level2$2.87B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.7$2.48B
Education n.e.c.1.1$1.55B
R&D Education0.2$238.54M
Public order and safety$51.32B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services47.7$24.49B
Law courts25.9$13.28B
Fire-protection services15.1$7.74B
Prisons6.5$3.32B
Public order and safety n.e.c.4.8$2.47B
R&D Public order and safety0$25.52M
Recreation, culture and religion$34.38B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services37.4$12.85B
Broadcasting and publishing services29.1$9.99B
Recreational and sporting services24.5$8.43B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion4.8$1.66B
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2.1$722.28M
Religious and other community services2.1$721.18M
Defence$32.06B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence87.7$28.11B
Foreign military aid7.6$2.45B
R&D Defence3.4$1.09B
Defence n.e.c.0.9$272.94M
Civil defence0.4$137.58M
Environmental protection$18.52B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management30.5$5.65B
Waste water management25.2$4.66B
Pollution abatement22.1$4.09B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape8.6$1.6B
Environmental protection n.e.c.7.4$1.37B
R&D Environmental protection6.3$1.16B
Housing and community amenities$12.83B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Community development52$6.67B
Housing development19.1$2.45B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.16.3$2.09B
Water supply7.5$960.83M
Street lighting3.7$473.76M
R&D Housing and community amenities1.5$191.94M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2015: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2015: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions35.8$556.03B
Taxes on income and wealth26.5$412.35B
Taxes on sales, production and imports25$388.12B
Sales, fees and charges8.5$131.46B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.8$27.26B
Other transfers received1.6$24.88B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.9$14.67B
Subsidies received0$227.45M
Taxes on income and wealth$412.35B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income96$396.02B
Other taxes on wealth and income4$16.33B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$388.12B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax60.5$234.79B
Not broken down, or fitting no category39.5$153.34B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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