Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2022

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2022's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.96T · 46.7% of GDP
Spending
$2.04T · 48.6% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
-$78.23B · -1.9% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2022: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2022: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection40.8$833.75B
Health17$346.65B
General public services12$245.22B
Economic affairs11.5$235.08B
Education9$183.19B
Public order and safety3.2$66.33B
Defence2.4$48.51B
Recreation, culture and religion2.1$41.89B
Environmental protection1.1$21.58B
Housing and community amenities1$19.77B
Social protection$833.75B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age48.5$404.42B
Sickness and disability15.6$130.2B
Survivors9.2$76.6B
Family and children8.9$74.55B
Unemployment7.4$61.98B
Social exclusion n.e.c.4.8$39.89B
Social protection n.e.c.3.4$28.16B
Housing2.1$17.79B
R&D Social protection0$169.53M
Health$346.65B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services33.3$115.36B
Outpatient services26.7$92.62B
Medical products, appliances and equipment20.5$71.16B
Public health services9.3$32.2B
Health n.e.c.9.2$32.01B
R&D Health0.9$3.29B
General public services$245.22B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs34.4$84.38B
General services22.2$54.36B
Basic research17.1$41.9B
Public debt transactions12.9$31.54B
Foreign economic aid10.9$26.62B
General public services n.e.c.2.4$5.83B
R&D General public services0.2$579.15M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$235.08B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport42.8$100.54B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs19.2$45.11B
Fuel and energy17.1$40.16B
R&D Economic affairs5$11.81B
Mining, manufacturing and construction4.2$9.85B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.1$9.68B
Other industries3.8$9.02B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting2.9$6.83B
Communication0.9$2.08B
Education$183.19B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education36$65.96B
Pre-primary and primary education33$60.47B
Tertiary education17.5$32.14B
Subsidiary services to education8.4$15.36B
Education not definable by level1.8$3.29B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.6$2.87B
Education n.e.c.1.3$2.47B
R&D Education0.3$628.64M
Public order and safety$66.33B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services48$31.87B
Law courts22.1$14.69B
Fire-protection services18.7$12.38B
Prisons5.8$3.85B
Public order and safety n.e.c.5.3$3.49B
R&D Public order and safety0.1$47.39M
Defence$48.51B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence82$39.78B
Foreign military aid12.4$6.02B
R&D Defence4.1$1.98B
Defence n.e.c.0.9$437M
Civil defence0.6$296.95M
Recreation, culture and religion$41.89B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services37.9$15.88B
Broadcasting and publishing services26.9$11.29B
Recreational and sporting services26$10.91B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion5.1$2.15B
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2$849.77M
Religious and other community services1.9$811.86M
Environmental protection$21.58B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management30.1$6.5B
Waste water management22.7$4.91B
Pollution abatement21.7$4.68B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape9.3$2.02B
Environmental protection n.e.c.8.1$1.75B
R&D Environmental protection8$1.72B
Housing and community amenities$19.77B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Community development41.6$8.22B
Housing development33.7$6.67B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.14.7$2.91B
Water supply7$1.38B
Street lighting2$390.66M
R&D Housing and community amenities1$193.75M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2022: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2022: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions35.8$702.63B
Taxes on income and wealth28.4$558.35B
Taxes on sales, production and imports23.3$457.21B
Sales, fees and charges8.8$171.79B
Other transfers received1.5$30.24B
Capital transfers and taxes received1.1$21.58B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.1$20.89B
Subsidies received0$241.14M
Taxes on income and wealth$558.35B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income97.2$542.75B
Other taxes on wealth and income2.8$15.59B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$457.21B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax67.3$307.72B
Not broken down, or fitting no category32.7$149.49B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

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