Public budgets

Germany: public budget

What Germany's government raised and what it spent it on, from the figures its own budget laws or a statistics office publish. Solon places every figure on the same international classification, so it can be compared with any other place.

General government, 2013

Outturn: what came in and was spent

General government: central, state and local government and social security funds together, consolidated so that money passed between them is counted once, as Eurostat's government finance statistics (ESA 2010) count it.

Amounts in USD, converted from EUR at 2013's average rate (Eurostat).

Revenue
$1.72T · 45.3% of GDP
Spending
$1.72T · 45.2% of GDP
Surplus (+) or deficit (−)
$4.66B · 0.1% of GDP

What the money is spent on

Germany, 2013: spending by function, as a share of all spending
Germany, 2013: spending by function, as a share of all spending
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social protection41.1$707.43B
Health15.3$263.44B
General public services14.2$244.86B
Economic affairs9.8$169.31B
Education9.4$160.89B
Public order and safety3.4$58.29B
Recreation, culture and religion2.3$38.93B
Defence2.3$38.77B
Environmental protection1.3$21.59B
Housing and community amenities0.9$15.85B
Social protection$707.43B
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
Social protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Old age48.7$344.17B
Sickness and disability15.9$112.17B
Survivors9.8$69.54B
Unemployment9.5$66.94B
Family and children8.3$58.56B
Social protection n.e.c.3.8$26.68B
Housing2.4$17.11B
Social exclusion n.e.c.1.7$12.15B
R&D Social protection0$92.97M
Health$263.44B
Health, in detail, as a share of it
Health, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Hospital services39.3$103.53B
Outpatient services29.6$77.98B
Medical products, appliances and equipment21.6$56.91B
Health n.e.c.7.6$20.08B
R&D Health1$2.75B
Public health services0.8$2.19B
General public services$244.86B
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
General public services, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs30.4$74.54B
Public debt transactions30$73.46B
General services17$41.71B
Basic research14.6$35.71B
Foreign economic aid6$14.74B
General public services n.e.c.1.7$4.28B
R&D General public services0.2$421.01M
Transfers of a general character between different levels of government0$0
Economic affairs$169.31B
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
Economic affairs, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Transport47.2$79.91B
Fuel and energy17$28.87B
General economic, commercial and labour affairs14.3$24.25B
R&D Economic affairs4.7$7.98B
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting4.4$7.47B
Economic affairs n.e.c.4.3$7.36B
Mining, manufacturing and construction3.8$6.43B
Other industries3.7$6.22B
Communication0.5$827.41M
Education$160.89B
Education, in detail, as a share of it
Education, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Secondary education37.3$60.06B
Pre-primary and primary education28.7$46.12B
Tertiary education20.3$32.73B
Subsidiary services to education8.7$13.96B
Education not definable by level2.1$3.4B
Post-secondary non-tertiary education1.6$2.59B
Education n.e.c.1.1$1.74B
R&D Education0.2$284.21M
Public order and safety$58.29B
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
Public order and safety, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Police services48$27.96B
Law courts25.7$14.99B
Fire-protection services14.7$8.56B
Prisons6.7$3.93B
Public order and safety n.e.c.4.8$2.82B
R&D Public order and safety0$27.89M
Recreation, culture and religion$38.93B
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
Recreation, culture and religion, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Cultural services37$14.39B
Broadcasting and publishing services29.4$11.46B
Recreational and sporting services24.3$9.45B
R&D Recreation, culture and religion5.1$1.98B
Religious and other community services2.1$822.09M
Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.2.1$820.77M
Defence$38.77B
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
Defence, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Military defence87.6$33.97B
Foreign military aid8$3.09B
R&D Defence3.3$1.26B
Defence n.e.c.0.8$310.78M
Civil defence0.4$136.79M
Environmental protection$21.59B
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
Environmental protection, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Waste management31.6$6.83B
Waste water management25.2$5.45B
Pollution abatement21.7$4.69B
Protection of biodiversity and landscape7.9$1.7B
Environmental protection n.e.c.7.3$1.59B
R&D Environmental protection6.2$1.34B
Housing and community amenities$15.85B
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
Housing and community amenities, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Community development50.8$8.05B
Housing development22.4$3.54B
Housing and community amenities n.e.c.14.4$2.29B
Water supply6.7$1.07B
Street lighting4.4$693.27M
R&D Housing and community amenities1.3$211.17M

Where the money comes from

Germany, 2013: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
Germany, 2013: revenue by kind, as a share of all revenue
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Social contributions35.8$618.05B
Taxes on income and wealth26.2$452.07B
Taxes on sales, production and imports25.1$432.92B
Sales, fees and charges8.5$145.89B
Income from property (interest, dividends, rent)1.9$32.01B
Other transfers received1.7$28.69B
Capital transfers and taxes received0.8$13.97B
Subsidies received0$426.32M
Taxes on income and wealth$452.07B
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on income and wealth, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Taxes on income95.8$433.3B
Other taxes on wealth and income4.2$18.78B
Taxes on sales, production and imports$432.92B
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
Taxes on sales, production and imports, in detail, as a share of it
RowValue (%)ShareNote
Value added tax60.4$261.64B
Not broken down, or fitting no category39.6$171.27B

Over the years

45.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99546 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99745.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99846.6 % of GDPRevenue · 1,99946.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00044.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00144.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00244.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00343.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00443.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00543.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00643.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00744.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00845.1 % of GDPRevenue · 2,00943.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01044.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01145 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01245.3 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01345.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01445.4 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01545.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01645.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01746.6 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01846.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,01946.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02047.5 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02146.7 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02245.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02346.8 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02447.2 % of GDPRevenue · 2,02555.2 % of GDPSpending · 1,99549.6 % of GDPSpending · 1,99648.8 % of GDPSpending · 1,99748.3 % of GDPSpending · 1,99848.5 % of GDPSpending · 1,99948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,00047.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,00148.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,00248.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00347 % of GDPSpending · 2,00446.9 % of GDPSpending · 2,00545.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00643.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,00744.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,00848.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,00948.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01045.3 % of GDPSpending · 2,01145.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,01245.2 % of GDPSpending · 2,01344.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01444.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01544.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01644.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01744.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,01845.5 % of GDPSpending · 2,01951.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02050.7 % of GDPSpending · 2,02148.6 % of GDPSpending · 2,02248.1 % of GDPSpending · 2,02349.4 % of GDPSpending · 2,024
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
Germany: revenue and spending, 1995–2025
PeriodRevenue (% of GDP)Spending (% of GDP)
1,99545.855.2
1,9964649.6
1,99745.848.8
1,99845.648.3
1,99946.648.5
2,00046.448.1
2,00144.647.7
2,00244.148.2
2,00344.748.5
2,00443.647
2,00543.546.9
2,00643.545.3
2,00743.743.5
2,00844.144.4
2,00945.148.3
2,01043.748.1
2,01144.545.3
2,0124545.1
2,01345.345.2
2,01445.244.5
2,01545.444.5
2,01645.844.7
2,01745.844.5
2,01846.644.7
2,01946.845.5
2,02046.751.1
2,02147.550.7
2,02246.748.6
2,02345.848.1
2,02446.849.4
2,02547.2
Where these figures come from

Series read from Eurostat, government finance statistics (gov_10a_main, gov_10a_exp) on 2026-11-11.

Change it

Think this money should be raised or spent differently? Draft it as a proposal: a proposal is evidence of support, handed to whoever decides, never law.

Propose a change to this budgetCompare one function across countries →